The Historians’ History of the World, Volume IV

About this eBook

Editor

Williams, Henry Smith, 1863-1943

Title

The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 04 : Greece to the Roman Conquest

Credits

Produced by David Edwards and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)

Language

English

LoC Class

D: History: General and Eastern Hemisphere

Subject

World history

Category

Text

Project Gutenberg

eBook-No. 55497

Release Date

September 6, 2017

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.THE HISTORIANS’ HISTORY OF THE WORLD
2. 2.Contributors, and Editorial Revisers.
3. 3.CONTENTS
4. 4.THE EVOLUTION OF GREEK PHILOSOPHY — I — II — III
5. 5.CHAPTER XXXVII. THE REIGN OF TERROR IN ATHENS — LYSANDER — CRUELTIES OF THE THIRTY — THE SYCOPHANTS — THE REVOLT OF THRASYBULUS — FOOTNOTES
6. 6.CHAPTER XXXVIII. THE DEMOCRACY RESTORED — THE END OF ALCIBIADES — LIFE AT ATHENS — ARISTOPHANES — EURIPIDES
7. 7.CHAPTER XXXIX. SOCRATES AND THE SOPHISTS — THE PROSECUTION OF SOCRATES — PLATO’S ACCOUNT OF THE LAST HOURS OF SOCRATES — GROTE’S ESTIMATE OF SOCRATES
8. 8.CHAPTER XL. THE RETREAT OF THE TEN THOUSAND — THE AFFAIRS OF PERSIA — XENOPHON’S ACCOUNT OF CUNAXA — THE RETREAT — XENOPHON’S PICTURE OF THE HARDSHIPS — END OF THE MARCH — THE MEANING OF XENOPHON’S FEAT — FOOTNOTES
9. 9.CHAPTER XLI. THE SPARTAN SUPREMACY — GROTE’S COMPARISON OF SPARTAN AND ATHENIAN RULE — HARSHNESS OF THE SPARTAN HEGEMONY — DEGENERACY OF SPARTA
10. 10.CHAPTER XLII. SPARTA IN ASIA — WAR OF LACEDÆMON AND ELIS — CINADON’S PLOT — AGESILAUS IN ASIA — PERSIAN GOLD — WAR RISES IN GREECE — LYSANDER’S PLOT — AGESILAUS RECALLED — FOOTNOTES
11. 11.CHAPTER XLIII. THE CORINTHIAN WAR — BATTLE OF CNIDUS — THE BATTLE OF CORONEA — LAND AFFAIRS OF THE CORINTHIAN WAR — THE GREAT DEEDS OF CONON — CONON REBUILDS THE LONG WALLS — THE EMBASSY OF ANTALCIDAS — THE KING’S PEACE — FOOTNOTES
12. 12.CHAPTER XLIV. THE RISE OF THEBES — MANTINEA CRUSHED — THE OLYNTHIAN WAR — THE SURPRISE OF THEBES — FATE OF EVAGORAS AND THE ASIATIC GREEKS — THE REVOLT OF THEBES — THE SECOND ATHENIAN LEAGUE — CORCYRA — THE TRIAL OF TIMOTHEUS — THE CONGRESS AT SPARTA — ATHENS ABANDONS THEBES — FOOTNOTES
13. 13.CHAPTER XLV. THE DAY OF EPAMINONDAS — SPARTA INVADES BŒOTIA — THE BATTLE OF LEUCTRA — SIGNIFICANCE OF LEUCTRA — JASON OF THESSALY — VON STERN ON THE THEBAN POLICY — A CONGRESS AT ATHENS — MANTINEA RESTORED — THE ARCADIAN REVOLUTION — SPARTAN INTOLERANCE OF COWARDICE — THE THEBANS IN THE PELOPONNESUS — FOUNDING OF MESSENE — ATHENS IN LEAGUE WITH SPARTA — SECOND INVASION OF PELOPONNESUS — EXPEDITION INTO THESSALY — AN EMBASSY TO PERSIA AND A CONGRESS AT THEBES — FOOTNOTES
14. 14.CHAPTER XLVI. WHEN THEBES WAS SUPREME — JOINT WORK OF EPAMINONDAS AND PELOPIDAS — THE END OF PELOPIDAS — THE BATTLE OF MANTINEA AND THE DEATH OF EPAMINONDAS — XENOPHON’S ACCOUNT OF HOW EPAMINONDAS FOUGHT — GROTE’S ESTIMATE OF EPAMINONDAS — CONFUSION FOLLOWING EPAMINONDAS’ FALL
15. 15.CHAPTER XLVII. THE TYRANTS IN SICILY
16. 16.CHAPTER XLVIII. THE RISE OF MACEDONIA — EARLY HISTORY OF MACEDONIA — PHILIP THE ORGANISER — MILITARY DISCIPLINE — MACEDONIAN CULTURE — OLYMPIAS, MOTHER OF ALEXANDER — THE MACEDONIAN PHALANX — THE WAXING OF PHILIP
17. 17.CHAPTER XLIX. THE TRIUMPHS OF PHILIP — DEMOSTHENES, THE ORATOR — ÆSCHINES, THE RIVAL OF DEMOSTHENES — THE UNPOPULARITY OF DEMOSTHENES — PHILIP’S BETTER SIDE — THE SACRED WAR — THE FIRST PHILIPPIC — PHILIP AND ATHENS — A TREATY OF PEACE — PUNISHMENT OF THE PHOCIANS — THE ATTITUDE OF THE ATHENIANS — THE MACEDONIAN PARTY — THE PATRIOTIC PARTY — PHILIP’S INTRIGUES AND THE OUTBREAK OF WAR — THE THIRD PHILIPPIC — PHILIP RETURNS TO THE FRAY — SIEGE OF PERINTHUS AND BYZANTIUM — DECLINE OF PHILIP’S PRESTIGE; THE SCYTHIAN EXPEDITION — THE CRUSADE AGAINST AMPHISSA — ALLIANCE BETWEEN ATHENS AND THEBES — THE ARMIES IN THE PLAIN OF CHÆRONEA — THE BATTLE OF CHÆRONEA — PHILIP TAKES THEBES — PEACE OF DEMADES — PHILIP IN PELOPONNESUS — POLITICAL SCHEMES; FAMILY BROILS — THE DEATH OF PHILIP — A SUMMING UP OF PHILIP’S CHARACTER — GROTE’S ESTIMATE OF PHILIP — FOOTNOTES
18. 18.CHAPTER L. ALEXANDER THE GREAT — PHILIP AND ALEXANDER COMPARED BY JUSTIN — ALEXANDER’S YOUTH ACCORDING TO QUINTUS CURTIUS — Aristotle as His Teacher — Bucephalus — ALEXANDER’S FIRST DEEDS — DEMOSTHENES RIDICULES ALEXANDER — ALEXANDER DASHES THROUGH GREECE — ALEXANDER WINNOWS THE NORTH — THE REVOLT OF THEBES — THE FATE OF THEBES — FOOTNOTES
19. 19.CHAPTER LI. ALEXANDER INVADES ASIA — SCHEMES OF CONQUEST — THE PROBLEM AND THE TROOPS — THE SIZE OF THE ARMY — THE PHALANX AND THE CAVALRY — THE LIGHT TROOPS — THE CONDITION OF THE PERSIAN EMPIRE — THE ENTRY INTO ASIA, ACCORDING TO ARRIAN — THE BATTLE OF THE GRANICUS — Courage and Danger of Alexander — EFFECTS OF ALEXANDER’S VICTORY
20. 20.CHAPTER LII. ISSUS AND TYRE — HALICARNASSUS — GORDIUM — DARIUS MUSTERS A NEW HOST — DARIUS AT ISSUS — PREPARING FOR BATTLE — THE BATTLE OF ISSUS — Flight of Darius — FROM ISSUS TO TYRE — THE SIEGE OF TYRE — FOOTNOTES
21. 21.CHAPTER LIII. FROM GAZA TO ARBELA — THE SIEGE OF GAZA ACCORDING TO ARRIAN — INCIDENTS FROM QUINTUS CURTIUS — ALEXANDER IN EGYPT — THE VISIT TO AMMON — ALEXANDER LEAVES EGYPT — THE BATTLE OF ARBELA — FOOTNOTES
22. 22.CHAPTER LIV. THE FALL OF PERSIA — THE ENTRY INTO BABYLON DESCRIBED BY QUINTUS CURTIUS — AT THE BORDER OF PERSIA — A SHEPHERD GUIDE — THE RELEASED CAPTIVES; SACKING PERSEPOLIS — CURTIUS TELLS OF THE ENORMOUS LOOT — CURTIUS DESCRIBES AN ORGY AND THE BURNING OF PERSEPOLIS — THE NEW MEANING OF THE CONQUEST — THE PURSUIT OF DARIUS — CONSPIRACIES AGAINST ALEXANDER — CAPTURE OF BESSUS — LIMIT OF ALEXANDER’S PROGRESS NORTHWARD — ALEXANDER MURDERS HIS FRIEND — REMORSE OF ALEXANDER — CONSPIRACY OF THE ROYAL PAGES — FOOTNOTES
23. 23.CHAPTER LV. THE CONQUEST OF INDIA — THE WAR WITH PORUS — THE EASTERN LIMIT — THE MARCH TO THE WEST — THE BRAVE MALLIANS — ALEXANDER’S SEVERE WOUND AND THE ARMY’S GRIEF — THE DESERT MARCH — EXCESSES AND CRUELTIES DESCRIBED BY CURTIUS — THE RETURN OF NEARCHUS — FOOTNOTES
24. 24.CHAPTER LVI. THE END OF ALEXANDER — HIS PROJECTS — THE MARRIAGE OF GREECE WITH PERSIA — THE MUTINY — THE LAST EXPEDITION — GRIEF FOR HEPHÆSTION — TO BABYLON — LAST ILLNESS — THE DEATH-BED OF ALEXANDER — FOOTNOTES
25. 25.CHAPTER LVII. VARIOUS ESTIMATES OF ALEXANDER — HIS VICES AND VIRTUES (ARRIAN) — HIS FAVOUR WITH FORTUNE (ÆLIANUS) — IF ALEXANDER HAD ATTEMPTED ROME (LIVY) — A Patriotic Estimate of Rome’s Greatness — HIS INVINCIBILITY (GROTE) — HIS MEANNESS (MÉNARD AND ROLLIN) — HIS EVIL INFLUENCE (NIEBUHR) — HIS MOTIVES (DROYSEN) — HIS EFFECT ON FEDERALISATION (PÖHLMANN) — HIS HERITAGE (HEGEL) — ALEXANDER’S TRUE GLORY (WHEELER)
26. 26.CHAPTER LVIII. GREECE DURING THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER — CONFEDERACY AGAINST MACEDONIA — WAR IN GREECE — AFFAIRS AT ATHENS — DEMOSTHENES AND ÆSCHINES — DEIFICATION OF ALEXANDER; THE GOLD OF HARPALUS — FOOTNOTES
27. 27.CHAPTER LIX. THE SUCCESSORS OF ALEXANDER — COUNCIL AT BABYLON AFTER ALEXANDER’S DEATH — PERDICCAS, MELEAGER, EUMENES, AND THE PUPPET KING — THE COMPACT — THE PARTITION — ALEXANDER’S POSTHUMOUS PLANS — ALEXANDER’S FUNERAL DESCRIBED BY DIODORUS — ALEXANDER’S HEIRS — Arrhidæus, the Imbecile — The Diadochi — The Women Claimants — DEATH OF PERDICCAS — THE FEATS OF EUMENES — THE EMPIRE OF ANTIGONUS — POLYSPERCHON VERSUS CASSANDER — LYSIMACHUS — CASSANDER IN POWER — THE NAME OF KING ASSUMED — THE SIEGE OF RHODES — THE FALL OF ANTIGONUS — DEMETRIUS AT LARGE — DEATH OF CASSANDER; DEMETRIUS WINS AND LOSES — LYSIMACHUS, ARSINOE, AND AGATHOCLES — SELEUCUS; ANTIGONUS; THE PTOLEMIES — PTOLEMY CERAUNUS IN MACEDONIA — ANARCHY IN MACEDONIA — ANTIGONUS GONATAS — THE CHREMONIDEAN WAR — PYRRHUS’ SON TAKES MACEDONIA — FOOTNOTES
28. 28.CHAPTER LX. AFFAIRS IN GREECE PROPER AFTER ALEXANDER’S DEATH — THE LAMIAN WAR — RETURN OF DEMOSTHENES; DEATH OF LEOSTHENES — LEONNATUS — DEATH OF LEONNATUS; NAVAL WAR; WAR IN THESSALY — DISSOLUTION OF THE LEAGUE — THE CAPITULATION — THE END OF DEMOSTHENES — GROTE’S ESTIMATE OF DEMOSTHENES — ANTIPATER IN GREECE — THE DEATHS OF ANTIPATER AND OF DEMADES — POLYSPERCHON AND CASSANDER — OLYMPIAS AND EUMENES — IMPERIAL EDICT RECALLING EXILES — CONTEST AT ATHENS — INTRIGUES OF PHOCION — PHOCION’S DISGRACE — FOOTNOTES
29. 29.CHAPTER LXI. THE FAILURE OF GRECIAN FREEDOM — HELLAS AT PEACE — ATHENS UNDER DEMETRIUS; SPARTA BEHIND WALLS — THE LAST ACTS OF OLYMPIAS’ POWER — PTOLEMY IN GREECE — ATHENS PASSIVE AND SERVILE — SUCCESS OF DEMETRIUS IN GREECE — BATTLE OF IPSUS
30. 30.CHAPTER LXII. THE EXPLOITS OF PYRRHUS — THE ANTECEDENTS OF PYRRHUS — THE LAST ADVENTURES OF DEMETRIUS — THE END OF LYSIMACHUS, KING OF MACEDON — DEATH OF SELEUCUS — INVASION OF THE GAULS — DEFENCE OF THE TEMPLE AT DELPHI — PYRRHUS AND THE ROMANS — PYRRHUS SUMMONED BY THE TARENTINES — PYRRHUS IN SICILY; HIS RETURN TO ITALY — MAGNA GRÆCIA SUBDUED BY THE ROMANS — RETURN OF PYRRHUS TO MACEDONIA — EXPEDITION OF PYRRHUS AGAINST SPARTA — DEATH OF PYRRHUS — ANTIGONUS GONATAS — FOOTNOTES
31. 31.CHAPTER LXIII. THE LEAGUES AND THEIR WARS — THE ÆTOLIANS — THE ÆTOLIAN LEAGUE — THE ACHÆAN LEAGUE AND ARATUS OF SICYON — ARATUS CONTROLS THE LEAGUE — ARATUS TAKES CORINTH — SPARTA UNDER CLEOMENES — ANTIGONUS CALLED IN — THE SOCIAL WAR — ALLIANCE WITH ROME — GREEK FREEDOM PROCLAIMED — THE ÆTOLIANS CRUSHED — GREECE AT THE MERCY OF “FRIENDLY” ROME — ROME AGAINST PHILIP — PERSEUS, KING OF MACEDONIA — THE HUMILIATION OF GREECE — FOOTNOTES
32. 32.CHAPTER LXIV. THE FINAL DISASTERS — THE MACEDONIAN INSURRECTION — THE ACHÆAN WAR — THE DESTRUCTION OF CORINTH — GREECE UNDER THE ROMANS
33. 33.CHAPTER LXV. THE KINGDOM OF THE SELEUCIDÆ — SELEUCUS — ANTIOCHUS SOTER — SELEUCUS PHILOPATOR
34. 34.CHAPTER LXVI. THE KINGDOM OF THE PTOLEMIES — PTOLEMY PHILADELPHUS — PTOLEMY EUERGETES — PTOLEMY PHILOPATOR — EPIPHANES — PHILOMETOR AND PHYSCON — ROMAN INTERFERENCE — PTOLEMY AULETES; CLEOPATRA AND THE END
35. 35.CHAPTER LXVII. SICILIAN AFFAIRS — AGATHOCLES — PYRRHUS AND THE ROMANS
36. 36.GREECE
37. 37.CONCLUDING SUMMARY THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HELLENIC SPIRIT
38. 38.BRIEF REFERENCE-LIST OF AUTHORITIES BY CHAPTERS — Chapter XXXVII. The Reign of Terror in Athens — Chapter XXXVIII. The Democracy Restored — Chapter XXXIX. Socrates and the Sophists — Chapter XL. The Retreat of the Ten Thousand — Chapter XLI. The Spartan Supremacy — Chapter XLII. Sparta in Asia — Chapter XLIII. The Corinthian War — Chapter XLIV. The Rise of Thebes — Chapter XLV. The Day of Epaminondas — Chapter XLVI. When Thebes was Supreme — Chapter XLVII. The Tyrants in Sicily — Chapter XLVIII. The Rise of Macedonia — Chapter XLIX. The Triumphs of Philip — Chapter L. Alexander the Great — Chapter LI. Alexander Invades Asia — Chapter LII. Issus and Tyre — Chapter LIII. From Gaza to Arbela — Chapter LIV. The Fall of Persia — Chapter LV. The Conquest of India — Chapter LVI. The End of Alexander — Chapter LVII. Various Estimates of Alexander — Chapter LVIII. Greece During the Life of Alexander — Chapter LIX. The Successors of Alexander — Chapter LX. Affairs in Greece Proper After Alexander’s Death — Chapter LXI. The Failure of Grecian Freedom — Chapter LXII. The Exploits of Pyrrhus — Chapter LXIII. The Leagues and their Wars — Chapter LXIV. The Final Disasters — Chapter LXV. The Kingdom of the Seleucidæ — Chapter LXVI. The Kingdom of the Ptolemies — Chapter LXVII. Sicilian Affairs
39. 39.A GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF GRECIAN HISTORY — A BRIEF SURVEY OF THE SOURCES — FOOTNOTES — LIST OF AUTHORS QUOTED, CITED, OR CONSULTED; WITH CRITICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES

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