Report on an Inquiry Into the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain

About this eBook

Author

Chadwick, Edwin, 1800-1890

Title

Report to Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State For the Home Department, from the Poor Law Commissioners, on an Inquiry Into the Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population of Great Britain; With Appendices

Credits

Richard Tonsing and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)

Language

English

LoC Class

RA: Medicine: Public aspects of medicine

Subject

Housing -- Great Britain

Category

Text

Project Gutenberg

eBook-No. 65090

Release Date

April 16, 2021

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.REPORT TO HER MAJESTY’S PRINCIPAL SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT, FROM THE POOR LAW COMMISSIONERS, ON AN INQUIRY INTO THE SANITARY CONDITION OF THE LABOURING POPULATION OF GREAT BRITAIN; WITH APPENDICES.
2. 2.TO THE RIGHT HON. SIR JAMES GRAHAM, BART. HER MAJESTY’S PRINCIPAL SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT.
3. 3.APPENDIX. — 1.— Circular Letter of Instructions to the Assistant Commissioners in England. — 2.— Circular Letter of Instructions to Clerks of the Boards of Guardians in England and Wales. — 3.— Circular Letter of Inquiry to the Medical Officers of the Unions in England and Wales, transmitted to them, with Forms of Return, through the Clerks to the Guardians. — 4.— Circular Letter to the Provosts of Burghs in Scotland. — 5.— Circular Letter of Inquiry to Dispensary Surgeons and Medical Practitioners in Scotland. — 6.— Form of General Queries addressed to Medical Practitioners and others for Information as to the Condition of the Labouring Classes in Scotland.
4. 4.REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF THE LABOURING POPULATION OF GREAT BRITAIN. BY EDWIN CHADWICK, ESQ., BARRISTER AT LAW, AND SECRETARY TO THE BOARD OF POOR LAW COMMISSIONERS.
5. 5.CONTENTS.
6. 6.LIST OF PLATES.
7. 7.REPORT ON THE SANITARY CONDITION OF THE LABOURING POPULATION, AND ON THE MEANS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT. — Extent of evils which are the subject of inquiry
8. 8.I.— GENERAL CONDITION OF THE RESIDENCES OF THE LABOURING CLASSES WHERE DISEASE IS FOUND TO BE THE MOST PREVALENT.
9. 9.II.— PUBLIC ARRANGEMENTS EXTERNAL TO THE RESIDENCES BY WHICH THE SANITARY CONDITION OF THE LABOURING POPULATION IS AFFECTED. — Town Drainage of Streets and Houses. — Street and Road Cleansing: Road Pavements. — Supplies of Water. — Sanitary Effect of Land Drainage.
10. 10.III.— CIRCUMSTANCES CHIEFLY IN THE INTERNAL ECONOMY AND BAD VENTILATION OF PLACES OF WORK; WORKMEN’S LODGING-HOUSES, DWELLINGS, AND THE DOMESTIC HABITS AFFECTING THE HEALTH OF THE LABOURING CLASSES. — Bad ventilation and overcrowding of private houses. — The want of separate apartments, and overcrowding of private dwellings. — Domestic mismanagement, a predisposing cause of disease. — Contrast in the Economy of Families.
11. 11.IV.— COMPARATIVE CHANCES OF LIFE IN DIFFERENT CLASSES OF THE COMMUNITY.
12. 12.V.— PECUNIARY BURDENS CREATED BY THE NEGLECT OF SANITARY MEASURES.
13. 13.VI.— EVIDENCE OF THE EFFECTS OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN RAISING THE STANDARD OF HEALTH AND THE CHANCES OF LIFE. — Cost to tenants and owners of the public measures for drainage, cleansing, and the supplies of water, as compared with the cost of sickness. — Employers’ influence on the Health of Workpeople by means of improved Habitations. — The Employers’ Influence on the Sobriety and Health of Workpeople by modes of Payment which do not lead to Temptations to Intemperance. — Employers’ Influence on the Health of Workpeople by the Promotion of Personal Cleanliness. — Employers’ Influence on the Health of Workpeople by the Ventilation of Places of Work, and the Prevention of Noxious Fumes, Dust, &c. — Employers’ Means of influencing the Condition of the Working Population by regard to respectability in Dress. — Employers’ or Owners’ Influence in the Improvement of Habitations and sanitary Arrangements for the Protection of the Labouring Classes in the Rural Districts. — Effects of Public Walks and Gardens on the Health and Morals of the Lower Classes of the Population.
14. 14.VII.— RECOGNISED PRINCIPLES OF LEGISLATION AND STATE OF THE EXISTING LAW FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH. — General State of the Law for the Protection of the Public Health. — State of the Special Authorities for reclaiming the Execution of the Laws for the Protection of the Public Health. — State of the Local Executive Authorities for the Erection and Maintenance of Drains and other Works for the Protection of the Public Health. — Boards of Health, or Public Officers for the Prevention of Disease.
15. 15.VIII.— COMMON LODGING-HOUSES.
16. 16.IX.— RECAPITULATION OF CONCLUSIONS.
17. 17.APPENDIX. — 1.— Evidence of Mr. John Roe , Civil Engineer, on the Practical Improvement in Sewerage and Drainage tried in the Holborn and Finsbury Divisions of the Metropolis . — 2.— Evidence of Mr. John Darke , Contractor for Cleansing, as to the Obstacles to Cleansing, and the Conversion of the Refuse of the Metropolis to Productive Use . — 3.— Evidence of Mr. John Treble , Contractor for Cleansing, as to the Obstacles to Cleansing, and the Conversion of the Refuse of the Metropolis to Productive Uses . — 4.— Extract from the Report of Fourcroy and others, showing the Calculation of the Extent of Pollution of the Seine from the Discharge of the Refuse of the Streets of Paris . — 5.— Communication from Captain Vetch , of the Royal Engineers, on the Structural Arrangements of New Buildings, and Protection of the Public Health . — 6.— Evidence of George Gutch , Esq., District Surveyor, on Shifting and Building of Inferior Tenements in the Suburbs to avoid the Provisions of the Metropolis Building Act . — 7.— Estimate by Mr. Howell , of the Cost of Structural Arrangements of Sewerage, Drainage, Water-tank, and means of House Cleansing for Labourers’ Tenements in the Metropolis . — 8.— Description or Specification of Mr. Loudon ’s Agriculturist Model Cottage . — 9.— Statement of the Requisites of Cottage Architecture, by J. C. Loudon , Esq. — 10.— Specification of the Cost of Erection, Weekly Rents, Interest on the Capital invested, and, the Numbers of Tenements and Cottages occupied by the Poor and Labourers; taken from Returns made by the Relieving Officers of their respective Districts, in 24 Unions in the Counties of Cheshire, Stafford, Derby, and Lancaster. — 11.— Tables of the Expense of building Cottages, and Repairs, in England and Scotland. — 11.— Tables of the Expense of building Cottages, and Repairs, in England and Scotland - continued. — 12.— Examination of the Rev. Thomas Whateley , Cookham, Berks, on Cottage Allotments, and the keeping of Pigs by Cottagers . — 13.— Arrangement of Public Walks in Towns; Plan of the Arboretum at Derby, laid out by J. C. Loudon , Esq. — 14.— Boards of Health:—Report on the labours of the “Conseil de Salubrité” of Paris, from 1829 to 1839. By M. Trebuchet . — 16.— Qualifications of Officers of Public Health: Statement by M. Duchâtelet . — 17.— Instance by MM. Duchâtelet and D’Arcet of the erroneous Medical Inferences as to the insalubrity of particular Trades . — 18.— On the Habitations of the Lower Orders of Paris. No. 1. — 19.— On the Habitations and Lodgings of the Lower Orders of Paris. No. 2. — 20.- Extract from the Report of the Commission appointed by the Central Board of Public Health to ascertain the Condition of the Dwellings of the Working Classes in Brussels, and to suggest Means for their Improvement. — 21. Principles of Sanitary Police in Germany. Extracts from Professor Mohl . — 22.— A Report on the Statements of Dr. Mauthner regarding the Cotton Manufactures, given at the Monthly Meeting on the 2nd of November, 1841. By Herr L. M. Von Pacher . — Remarks on the Cotton Manufactory in Schwadorf. — Remarks on the Factories in Neunkirchen. — 23.— Typhus Fever, the vast amount of, produced among the Poor of Liverpool from want of Ventilation and Cleanliness. — 24.— Extract from Dr. Ferriar’s Advice to the Labouring Classes in Manchester; given in 1800. — 25.— Principles of Jurisprudence and Responsibility for Accidents. — 26. Extract from the Report of John L. Kennedy, Esq., Barrister at Law, to the Commissioners for Inquiring into the Labour of Young Persons in Mines and Manufactories. — 27.— Tables of Sickness in Prisons. — 28.— Experience of Sickness in the Wynds of Edinburgh. — 29.— Suggested Form of Notification to Owners or Occupiers for the distribution of the Expense of permanent Alterations, and the avoidance of Overcharges on persons enjoying only portions of the benefit. — 30.— Extracts from Evidence on the Moral and Physical Evils which may be created by the mode of Hiring and Paying Workmen. — Mr. Claydon , Master of the Limehouse Workhouse, belonging to the Stepney Union .

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