Mechanics

About this eBook

Author

Bond, A. Russell (Alexander Russell), 1876-1937

Title

Mechanics: The Science of Machinery

Credits

Produced by Giovanni Fini, Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net

Language

English

LoC Class

TJ: Technology: Mechanical engineering and machinery

Subject

Mechanical engineering

Category

Text

eBook-No.

49445

Project Gutenberg

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/49445

Release Date

July 15, 2015

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.Untitled
2. 2.MECHANICS
3. 3.PREFACE
4. 4.CONTENTS
5. 5.LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
6. 6.CHAPTER I — WAR AS A STIMULUS OF INVENTION — THE ART OF BREAKING STONES — DISCOVERY OF THE LEVER AND THE WEDGE — INVENTION OF THE WHEEL — DISPLACING MEN WITH MACHINES — RAISING WATER
7. 7.CHAPTER II — THE LEVER — CONTINUOUS REVOLVING LEVERAGE — TOOTHED GEARS — THE INCLINED PLANE AND ITS FAMILY
8. 8.CHAPTER III — MAUDSLEY’S “GO-CART” — THE INTERCHANGEABLE SYSTEM — THE TURRET LATHE — CUTTING WITH RED-HOT TOOLS
9. 9.CHAPTER IV — TELLING TIME WITH A LEAKY BUCKET — THE REMARKABLE WATER CLOCK OF CTESIBIUS — TIMING ANCIENT ORATORS — DISCOVERY OF THE PENDULUM — THE FIRST SHIP’S CHRONOMETER — MARVELOUS PRECISION OF MODERN WATCHES — THE PACEMAKER OF A WATCH — INANIMATE MATTER IN CONTINUAL MOTION — THE PENDULUM ESCAPEMENT — CHAPTER V
10. 10.WATER WHEELS — INVENTION OF THE PELTON WHEEL — A 4,000-FOOT HEAD OF WATER — HARNESSING THE MISSISSIPPI — SETTING KITCHEN FAUCETS TO WORK — DIGGING WITH WATER JETS — COMPRESSING AIR WITH WATER
11. 11.CHAPTER VI — WHY A SHIP FLOATS — HYDRAULIC LEVERAGE — MAUDSLEY’S LEATHER COLLAR — BLASTING WITH WATER — RAISING A BRIDGE SPAN WITH WATER — HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS — LIFT LOCKS FOR CANALS — HYDRAULIC VARIABLE SPEED GEAR — TRANSMITTING POWER WITH SOUND WAVES
12. 12.CHAPTER VII — THE BOY WHO DISCOVERED COMPRESSED AIR — RAISING WATER WITH ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE — THE AIR LIFT — EXCAVATING THROUGH QUICKSAND — THE AIR LOCK — THE CAISSON DISEASE — BORING TUNNELS THROUGH RIVER BEDS — QUELLING OCEAN BILLOWS WITH AIR
13. 13.CHAPTER VIII — HEAT OF COMPRESSION — AIR-DRIVEN HAMMERS — STOPPING TRAINS WITH AIR — PROPELLING CARS WITH AIR — AIR CUSHIONS FOR ELEVATORS — LAYING CEMENT WITH AN AIRGUN — AIR AS A TENSION SPRING
14. 14.CHAPTER IX — THE GIFFARD INJECTOR — HERO’S STEAM ENGINE — NEWCOMEN’S ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE — WATT’S STEAM ENGINE — USING THE HEAT IN THE STEAM — DE LAVAL’S STEAM TURBINE — PARSONS EXPANSION TURBINE
15. 15.CHAPTER X — BURNING AIR IN THE AUTOMOBILE ENGINE — COOLING THE CYLINDERS — THE SELF IGNITING DIESEL ENGINE — THE DOUBLE-ACTING JUNKER ENGINE — SILENCING THE NOISY EXHAUST — COMBINED STEAM AND OIL ENGINE — LATENT HEAT
16. 16.CHAPTER XI — OUR WASTE OF FUEL — “BLUE COAL” — SETTING TIDES TO WORK — POWER FROM SUNSHINE — HARNESSING VOLCANOES — POWER FROM THE CORE OF THE EARTH
17. 17.CHAPTER XII — ELEMENTARY MECHANICS — PARALLELOGRAM OF FORCES — SAILING AGAINST THE WIND — THE SPEEDY CLIPPER — FROM OARS TO PROPELLERS — WATER JET PROPULSION — WATER AND AIR RESISTANCE — FLYING ON WATER — FIRST OCEAN STEAMER — BOATS OF ARTIFICIAL STONE — SUBMARINE NAVIGATION — A SUBMARINE OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY — FULTON’S HAND-PROPELLED SUBMARINE — SUBMARINES AS SURFACE BOATS — POWER PLANT OF A SUBMARINE — THE COLLAPSIBLE “EYE” OF THE SUBMARINE — THE “EARS” OF A SUBMARINE
18. 18.CHAPTER XIII — ROLLING FRICTION — PUTTING ROLLERS BETWEEN LOAD AND ROAD — REDUCING ROAD FRICTION — INCREASING TRACK FRICTION — ANCIENT LINEAGE OF THE AUTOMOBILE — STEPHENSON’S LINK MOTION — MODERN LOCOMOTIVES — FIRST AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT — AMERICAN PIONEERS OF THE MOTOR CAR — WHEELS VS. LEGS — WALKING MACHINES — “CATERPILLAR” TRACTION
19. 19.CHAPTER XIV — THE FIRST HYDROGEN BALLOON — THE WEIGHT OF AIR — BALLOON NAVIGATION — SEVEN MILES ABOVE THE EARTH — KITE BALLOONS — SELF-PROPELLED BALLOONS — THREE TYPES OF DIRIGIBLES — ACROSS THE ATLANTIC IN A DIRIGIBLE — HEAVIER-THAN-AIR MACHINES — THE WRIGHT BROTHERS — TRANSATLANTIC AEROPLANE FLIGHTS — WHY A KITE STAYS UP — FORCES THAT SUPPORT AN AEROPLANE — MAINTAINING THE EQUILIBRIUM OF AN AEROPLANE
20. 20.CHAPTER XV — THE FIRST HARVESTING MACHINE — EVOLUTION OF THE PLOW — INVENTION OF THE REAPER — THE “FULTON” OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY — TYING KNOTS BY MACHINE
21. 21.CHAPTER XVI — MECHANICAL MONSTERS — DITCHING AND TRENCHING MACHINES — FLOATING EXCAVATORS — GOLD MINING WITH A DREDGE — SUCTION DREDGES — CANAL DIGGING UNDER WATER — LAND BUILDING WITH DREDGES — THE DEEPEST MINE SHAFT — TUNNELING BY MACHINE — COAL-CUTTING MACHINERY — EXPLORING SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS — LOCATING ROCK UNDER HUDSON RIVER — BORING FOR OIL
22. 22.CHAPTER XVII — INVENTION OF THE COTTON GIN — PREPARING COTTON FOR THE SPINNING MULE — ARKWRIGHT’S DRAWING ROLLS — THE SPINNING MULE — WOVEN, BRAIDED, KNITTED, AND NET GOODS — THE LOOM — THE JACQUARD LOOM — INVENTION OF THE KNITTING MACHINE — HOWE’S INVENTION OF THE SEWING MACHINE — THE SINGLE-THREAD SEWING MACHINE — MACHINE-MADE EMBROIDERIES — FINE NEEDLEWORK BY MACHINE
23. 23.CHAPTER XVIII — CHINESE INVENTION OF PAPER — USES OF PAPER — TURNING FORESTS INTO PULP — GETTING DOWN TO THE “BONES” OF THE WOOD — THE FOURDRINIER PAPER-MAKING MACHINE — THE CYLINDER MACHINE FOR MAKING PAPER
24. 24.CHAPTER XIX — EARLY CHINESE PRINTING — DEVELOPMENT OF PRINTING PRESSES — THE STEREOTYPE PLATE — MODERN NEWSPAPER PRESSES — PRINTING 240,000 PAGES PER HOUR — A SEA CAPTAIN’S CONTRIBUTION — GATHERING AND BINDING MAGAZINES — SETTING TYPE BY MACHINE — THE LINOTYPE MATRIX AND SPACE BAR — INDIVIDUAL TYPE CASTING AND COMPOSING — WRITING BY MACHINE
25. 25.CHAPTER XX — IRON IN ANCIENT DAYS — DISCOVERY OF COKE — ALLOYS OF CARBON AND IRON — MECHANICAL HANDLING OF ORE — THE MODERN BLAST FURNACE — BURNING OUT THE CARBON — OPEN HEARTH FURNACES — ROLLING INGOTS INTO RAILS — STEEL FOR BIG GUNS — SQUEEZING OUT THE “PIPES”
26. 26.CHAPTER XXI — MATHEMATICAL MACHINES — HEARING AND TALKING WITH A MECHANICAL “EAR” — MACHINES THAT PICTURE MOTION — INVENTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM — MACHINES THAT SEE — A MACHINE THAT READS PRINT — THE WILLFUL GYROSCOPE — FORCES DEVELOPED IN A GYROSCOPE — THE GYROSCOPE AS A COMPASS — PREVENTING SHIPS FROM ROLLING — THE MONO-RAIL CAR — THE AUTOMATIC AEROPLANE PILOT
27. 27.CHAPTER XXII — ABSOLUTE ZERO — EARLY USES OF LOW TEMPERATURES — HEAT AND MECHANICAL ENERGY — COLD AIR MACHINES — LATENT HEAT — VACUUM MACHINES — THE ABSORPTION PROCESS — THE COMPRESSION SYSTEM
28. 28.CHAPTER XXIII — PRIMITIVE “ENGINES” OF WAR — INVENTION OF GUNPOWDER — THE SPINNING BULLET — MACHINE GUNS — UTILIZING THE KICK OF A GUN — COOLING THE GUN BARREL — A GUN THAT FANS ITSELF — POCKET-SIZED MACHINE GUN — ARTILLERY VS. ARMOR — GUNS, MORTARS, AND HOWITZERS — THE 76-MILE GUN — A 121-MILE GUN — TIMED AND PERCUSSION SHELLS — AERIAL BOMBS — AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF SUBMARINE TORPEDOES
29. 29.CHAPTER XXIV — 1801-1810 — 1811-1820 — 1821-1830 — 1831-1840 — 1841-1850 — 1851-1860 — 1861-1870 — 1871-1880 — 1881-1890 — 1891-1900 — 1901-1910 — 1911-1920
30. 30.Untitled

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