A History of North American Birds. Vol. III., Land Birds, by S. F. Baird, T. M. Brewer, and R. Ridgway

About this eBook

Author

Ridgway, Robert, 1850-1929

Title

A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 3 of 3

Credits

Produced by Greg Bergquist, Jennifer Linklater, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)

Language

English

LoC Class

QL: Science: Zoology

Subject

Birds -- North America

Category

Text

Project Gutenberg

eBook-No. 54169

Release Date

February 15, 2017

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. LAND BIRDS. VOL. III.
2. 2.CONTENTS.
3. 3.RAPTORES. 1 — The Birds of Prey.
4. 4.Family STRIGIDÆ .— The Owls. — Genera and Subgenera. — Genus STRIX , Savigny . — Synopsis of the Races of S. flammea. — Strix flammea , var. pratincola , Bonap. AMERICAN BARN OWL. — Genus OTUS , Cuvier. — Species and Varieties. — Otus vulgaris , var. wilsonianus , Less. LONG-EARED OWL; LESSER-HORNED OWL. — Otus (Brachyotus) brachyotus , Steph. SHORT-EARED OWL; MARSH OWL. — Genus SYRNIUM , Savigny . — Subgenera. — Species and Varieties. — Syrnium (Scotiaptex) cinereum , Audubon. GREAT GRAY OWL. — Syrnium nebulosum , Gray . BARRED OWL; “HOOT OWL.” — Syrnium occidentale , Xantus . WESTERN BARRED OWL; SPOTTED OWL. — Genus NYCTALE , Brehm . — Species and Races. — Nyctale tengmalmi , var. richardsoni , Bonap. AMERICAN SPARROW OWL; RICHARDSON’S OWL. — Nyctale acadica , Bonap. SAW-WHET OWL; WHITE-FRONTED OWL; KIRTLAND’S OWL. — Genus SCOPS , Savigny . — Species and Races. — Scops asio , Bonap. LITTLE RED OWL; MOTTLED OWL; “SCREECH-OWL.” — Scops asio , var. floridana , Ridgway . — Scops asio , var. maccalli , Cass . WESTERN MOTTLED OWL. — Scops asio , var. kennicotti , Elliot . KENNICOTT’S OWL. — Scops flammeola , Licht. FEILNER’S OWL. — Genus BUBO , Dum. — Subgenera. — Subgenus BUBO , Dum. — Subgenus NYCTEA , Stephens . — Bubo virginianus , var. virginianus , Bonap. GREAT HORNED OWL. — Bubo virginianus , var. arcticus , Swains. WESTERN GREAT HORNED OWL. — Bubo virginianus , var. pacificus , Cass. — Nyctea scandiaca , var. arctica , Gray . AMERICAN SNOWY OWL. — Genus SURNIA , Duméril . — Species and Races. — Surnia ulula , var. hudsonia ( Gmelin ). AMERICAN HAWK OWL. — Genus GLAUCIDIUM , Boie . — Species and Races. — Glaucidium passerinum , var. californicum ( Sclater ). THE CALIFORNIA PIGMY OWL. — Glaucidium ferrugineum , Kaup . THE RED-TAILED OWL. — Genus MICRATHENE , Coues . — Species. — Micrathene whitneyi , Coues . WHITNEY’S OWL. — Genus SPEOTYTO , Gloger . — Species and Races. — Spheotyto cunicularia , var. hypogæa , Bonap. BURROWING OWL. — NOTE.
5. 5.Family FALCONIDÆ .— The Falcons. — Genera. — Subfamily FALCONINÆ . — Genus FALCO , Auct. — Subgenera. — Subgenus HIEROFALCO , Cuvier . — Subgenus FALCO , Mœhring . — Subgenus ÆSALON , Kaup . — Subgenus RHYNCHOFALCO , Ridgway . — Subgenus TINNUNCULUS , Vieillot . — Genus POLYBORUS , Vieillot . — Species and Races. — Polyborus tharus , var. auduboni , Cassin . CARACARA EAGLE; “KING BUZZARD” OF FLORIDA. — Genus PANDION , Savigny . — Species and Races. — Pandion haliætus , var. carolinensis ( Gmel. ). FISH-HAWK; AMERICAN OSPREY. — Genus NAUCLERUS , Vigors. — Species. — Nauclerus forficatus , ( Linn. ) Ridgway . SWALLOW-TAILED HAWK; FORK-TAILED KITE. — Genus ELANUS , Savigny . — Species and Races. — Elanus leucurus ( Vieillot ). BLACK-SHOULDERED KITE; WHITE-TAILED KITE. — Genus ICTINIA , Vieillot . — Species. — Ictinia mississippiensis ( Wilson ). MISSISSIPPI KITE; BLUE KITE. — Genus ROSTRHAMUS , Lesson . — Species and Races. — Rostrhamus sociabilis , var. plumbeus , Ridgway . HOOK-BILL KITE; EVERGLADE KITE. — Genus CIRCUS , Lacepede . — Species and Races. — Circus cyaneus , var. hudsonius ( Linn. ). MARSH HAWK; AMERICAN HARRIER. — Genus NISUS , Cuvier . — Subgenera. — Subgenus NISUS , Cuvier . — Subgenus ASTUR , Lacepede . — Genus ASTURINA , Vieillot . — Species and Races. — Asturina nitida , var. plagiata ( Schleg. ). MEXICAN HAWK. — Genus ANTENOR , Ridgway . — Species and Races. — Parabuteo unicinctus , var. harrisi ( Ridgway ). HARRIS’S BUZZARD. — Genus ONYCHOTES , Ridgway . — Species. — Onychotes gruberi , Ridgway . GRUBER’S HAWK. — Genus BUTEO , Cuvier . — Species and Races. — Buteo pennsylvanicus ( Wils. ). BROAD-WINGED HAWK. — Buteo swainsoni , Bonap. Var. swainsoni , Bonap. SWAINSON’S HAWK; BAIRD’S HAWK. — Var. oxypterus , Cassin . SHARP-WINGED HAWK. — Buteo zonocercus , Sclater . BAND-TAIL HAWK. — Buteo lineatus , Gmelin . Var. lineatus , Gmelin . RED-SHOULDERED HAWK. — Var. elegans , Cassin . RED-BELLIED HAWK. — Buteo borealis ( Gmel. ). RED-TAILED HAWK. — Var. borealis , Gmelin . EASTERN RED-TAIL. — Var. krideri , Hoopes . WHITE-BELLIED RED-TAIL. — Var. lucasanus , Ridgway . ST. LUCAS RED-TAIL. — Var. calurus , Cassin . WESTERN RED-TAIL; BLACK RED-TAIL. — Buteo harlani ( Audubon ). HARLAN’S HAWK; “BLACK WARRIOR.” — Buteo cooperi , Cassin . COOPER’S RED-TAILED HAWK. — Genus ARCHIBUTEO , Brehm . — Species and Races. — Archibuteo ferrugineus ( Licht ). CALIFORNIA SQUIRREL HAWK. — Archibuteo lagopus , var. sancti-johannis ( Penn. ). ROUGH-LEGGED HAWK; BLACK HAWK. — Genus AQUILA , Auctorum . — Species and Races. — Aquila chrysaëtus , var. canadensis ( Linn. ). GOLDEN EAGLE; RING-TAILED EAGLE. — Genus HALIAËTUS , Savigny . — Species and Races. — Haliaetus albicilla ( Linn . ). GRAY SEA-EAGLE. — Haliaëtus leucocephalus ( Linn. ). BALD EAGLE; AMERICAN EAGLE.
6. 6.Family CATHARTIDÆ .— The American Vultures . — Genera and Subgenera. — Genus PSEUDOGRYPHUS , Ridgway . — Pseudogryphus californianus ( Shaw ). CALIFORNIA CONDOR, OR VULTURE. — Genus RHINOGRYPHUS , Ridgway . — Species. — Rhinogryphus aura ( Linn. ). TURKEY-BUZZARD; RED-HEADED VULTURE. — Genus CATHARISTA , Vieillot . — Catharista atrata ( Bartram ). CARRION CROW; BLACK VULTURE. — NOTE.
7. 7.Family COLUMBIDÆ .— The Pigeons. — Subfamily COLUMBINÆ . — Genus COLUMBA , Linnæus . — Species and Varieties. — Columba fasciata , Say . BAND-TAILED PIGEON. — Columba leucocephala , Linn. WHITE-HEADED PIGEON. — Columba flavirostris , Wagler . RED-BILLED DOVE. — Genus ECTOPISTES , Swainson . — Ectopistes migratoria , Swainson . WILD PIGEON; PASSENGER-PIGEON. — Subfamily ZENAIDINÆ . — Genus MELOPELIA , Bonap. — Melopelia leucoptera , ( Linn. ) Bonap. WHITE-WINGED DOVE. — Genus ZENAIDA , Bonap. — Zenaida amabilis , Bonap. ZENAIDA DOVE. — Genus ZENAIDURA , Bonap. — Zenaidura carolinensis , Bonap. CAROLINA OR COMMON DOVE. — Genus SCARDAFELLA , Bonap. — Species and Varieties. — Scardafella inca , Bonap. SCALY DOVE. — Genus CHAMÆPELIA , Swainson . — Chamæpelia passerina , Swainson . GROUND DOVE. — Genus OREOPELEIA , Reichenbach . — Oreopeleia martinica , Reich. KEY WEST PIGEON. — Genus STARNŒNAS , Bonaparte . — Starnœnas cyanocephala , Bon. BLUE-HEADED PIGEON.
8. 8.Family CRACIDÆ .— The Curassows. — Subfamily PENELOPINÆ . — Genus ORTALIDA, Merrem . — Ortalida vetula , var. maccalli , Baird . THE TEXAS CHACALACCA.
9. 9.Family MELEAGRIDÆ .— The Turkeys. — Genus MELEAGRIS , Linnæus . — Species and Varieties. — Meleagris gallopavo , var. gallopavo , Linn. WILD TURKEY. — Meleagris gallopavo , var. mexicana , Gould . MEXICAN TURKEY.
10. 10.Family TETRAONIDÆ .— The Grouse. — Genera. — Genus CANACE , Reichenbach . — Subgenera. — Subgenus CANACE , Reichenbach . — Subgenus DENDRAGAPUS , Elliot . — Genus CENTROCERCUS , Swainson . — Centrocercus urophasianus , ( Bon. ) Sw. SAGE-COCK; COCK OF THE PLAINS. — Genus PEDIŒCETES , Baird . — Species and Varieties. — Pediœcetes phasianellus , var. phasianellus , Elliot . SHARP-TAILED GROUSE. — Pediœcetes phasianellus , var. columbianus , Baird . COLUMBIA SHARP-TAIL. — Genus CUPIDONIA , Reichenbach . — Species and Varieties. — Cupidonia cupido , var. cupido , Baird . PRAIRIE HEN; PRAIRIE CHICKEN; PINNATED GROUSE. — Cupidonia cupido , var. pallidicinctus , Ridgway . THE TEXAS PRAIRIE HEN. — Genus BONASA , Stephens . — Species and Varieties. — Bonasa umbellus , var. umbellus , Stephens . RUFFED GROUSE; PARTRIDGE; PHEASANT. — Bonasa umbellus , var. umbelloides , Douglas . THE MOUNTAIN PARTRIDGE. — Bonasa umbellus , var. sabini , Douglas . THE OREGON GROUSE. — Genus LAGOPUS , Vieillot . — Species and Varieties. — Lagopus albus , Aud. WILLOW GROUSE; WHITE PTARMIGAN. — Lagopus mutus , var. rupestris , Leach . ROCK PTARMIGAN. — Lagopus leucurus , Swainson & Richardson . WHITE-TAILED PTARMIGAN.
11. 11.Family PERDICIDÆ .— The Partridges . — Subfamily ORTYGINÆ . — Synopsis of Genera found in the United States. — a. Head without crest. — b. Head with a crest of a few long narrow, keel-shaped feathers. — c. Crest soft, full, and tufted; composed of short, broad, depressed feathers. — Genus ORTYX , Stephens . — Species and Varieties. — Ortyx virginianus , var. virginianus , Bonap. QUAIL; PARTRIDGE; BOB-WHITE. — Ortyx virginianus , var. texanus , Lawrence . — Genus OREORTYX , Baird . — Oreortyx pictus , Baird . PLUMED PARTRIDGE; MOUNTAIN QUAIL. — Genus LOPHORTYX , Bonaparte . — Lophortyx californicus , Bonap. CALIFORNIA QUAIL. — Lophortyx gambeli , Gambel . GAMBEL’S QUAIL. — Genus CALLIPEPLA , Wagler . — Callipepla squamata , Gray . SCALED OR BLUE PARTRIDGE. — Genus CYRTONYX , Gould . — Species. — Cyrtonyx massena , Gould . MASSENA PARTRIDGE.
12. 12.APPENDIX. — I. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. — II. EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN DESCRIBING THE EXTERNAL FORM OF BIRDS. — REFERENCES TO THE FIGURE. — B. Head. — C. Neck. — D. Trunk or Body. — E. Tail. — F. Wings. — G. Legs. — A. Body in General ( Corpus ). — B. The Head ( Caput ). — C. The Neck ( Collum ). — D. The Trunk ( Truncus ). — E. The Tail ( Cauda ). — F. The Wings ( Alæ ). — G. The Legs ( Pedes ). — H. The Outer Covering ( Indumentum ).
13. 13.GLOSSARY. — GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS USED IN DESCRIPTIVE ORNITHOLOGY. — A. — B. — C. — D. — E. — F. — G. — H. — I. — J. — K. — L. — M. — N. — O. — P. — Q. — R. — S. — T. — U. — V. — W. — X. — Y. — Z.
14. 14.INDEXES. — INDEX OF ENGLISH NAMES. — INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES. — INDEX TO PLATES OF LAND BIRDS.
15. 15.Footnotes
16. 16.Transcriber’s Notes

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