A Finnish Grammar

About this eBook

Author

Eliot, Charles, 1862-1931

Credits

Produced by Jonathan Ingram and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net

Language

English

LoC Class

PH: Language and Literatures: Finno-Ugrian and Basque languages and literatures

Subject

Finnish language -- Grammar

Category

Text

Project Gutenberg

eBook-No. 59795

Release Date

June 23, 2019

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.Untitled
2. 2.PREFACE.
3. 3.INTRODUCTION. — A FINNISH GRAMMAR.
4. 4.Of the Formation of Syllables and Words.
5. 5.CHANGES OF SOUNDS. — A. Changes of Vowels. — I. The Long Vowels and Diphthongs. — II. Short Vowels. — B. Changes of Consonants. — The Softening of the Hard Consonants K , T , P . — OTHER CHANGES OF CONSONANTS. — Contraction.
6. 6.NOUNS. — Declension. — The First Declension. — The Second Declension. — The Third Declension. — Compound Nouns.
7. 7.THE ADJECTIVE.
8. 8.FORMATION OF SUBSTANTIVES AND ADJECTIVES.
9. 9.SUBSTANTIVES.
10. 10.ADJECTIVAL TERMINATIONS.
11. 11.THE NUMERALS.
12. 12.PRONOUNS. — Possessive Pronouns. — Demonstrative Pronouns. — Interrogative Pronouns. — Relative Pronouns. — Indefinite Pronouns. — Reflexive Pronoun.
13. 13.THE VERB. — Formation of the Moods and Tenses of an Affirmative Verb. — The Passive. — The Negative Conjugation. — The Auxiliary Verb. — First Conjugation. — Second Conjugation. — Third Conjugation. — Examples. — Reflexive Verbs. — The Formation of Verbs.
14. 14.POSTPOSITIONS.
15. 15.THE ADVERB.
16. 16.CONJUNCTIONS.
17. 17.INTERJECTIONS.
18. 18.SYNTAX. — The Subject. — The Predicate. — The Object. — Of the Agreement of Substantives and Adjectives with one another. — The Article.
19. 19.THE USE OF THE CASES. — Nominative. — The Partitive Case. — Accusative. — Genitive. — The Internal Cases—Inessive, Elative, and Illative. — Inessive. — Elative. — Illative. — The External Cases—Adessive, Ablative, and Allative. — Adessive. — Ablative. — Allative. — Abessive. — Essive. — Translative. — Comitative. — Instructive. — Prolative.
20. 20.THE ADJECTIVE.
21. 21.PRONOUNS. — Personal Pronouns. — Possessive Pronouns. — Demonstrative Pronouns. — Reflexive Pronouns. — Interrogative Pronouns. — Relative Pronouns. — Indefinite Pronouns. — Various Pronominal Adjectives.
22. 22.NUMBERS. — Expression of a date.
23. 23.THE VERB. — The Concessive. — The Conditional. — Imperative and Optative. — The Passive. — Infinitives. — Infinitive I. — Infinitive II. — Infinitive III. — Infinitive IV. — Infinitive V. — Participles. — Participle I—Active. — Participle II—Active. — Participle I—Passive. — Participle II—Passive. — Use of Participles in Oblique Oration.
24. 24.PREPOSITIONS, POSTPOSITIONS, AND ADVERBS.
25. 25.NEGATIVE SENTENCES.
26. 26.INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES.
27. 27.OTHER SENTENCES.
28. 28.ORATIO OBLIQUA.
29. 29.ON THE DIALECT OF THE KALEVALA.
30. 30.SELECTIONS FROM FINNISH LITERATURE — PYHÄN JOHANNEKSEN EVANGELIUMI. — THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO ST. JOHN, I. 1-14. — KALEVALA, XXXVI. 319-346. — KALEVALA, XVI. 151 ff. — KALEVALA XL. 113 ff. — FINNISH POPULAR SONG.
31. 31.FOOTNOTES

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