It should be explained that the
sin-relinquishing superstition—a
superstition probably pre-Celtic,
perhaps of the remotest antiquity—hardly
exists to-day, or, if at
all, in its crudest guise. The
last time I heard of it, even in
a modified form, was not in the
west, but in a remote part of
the Aberdeenshire highlands. Then,
it was salt, not bread, that was put
on the breast of the dead: and
the salt was thrown away, nor
was any wayfarer called upon to
perform this or any other function.
Sin.
Taste this bread, this substance: tell me
Is it bread or flesh?
The Smell.
Its smell
Is the smell of bread.
Sin.
Touch, come. Why tremble?
Say what’s this thou touchest?
Sin.
Sight, declare what thou discernest
In this object.
Calderon, Los Encantos de la Culpa.
A wet wind out of the south mazed and
mooned through the sea-mist that hung over
the Ross. In all the bays and creeks was
a continuous weary lapping of water. There
was no other sound anywhere.
Thus was it at daybreak: it was thus at
noon: thus was it now in the darkening of
the day. A confused thrusting and falling
of sounds through the silence betokened the
hour of the setting. Curlews wailed in the
mist: on the seething limpet-covered rocks
the skuas and terns screamed, or uttered
hoarse, rasping cries. Ever and again the
prolonged note of the oyster-catcher shrilled
against the air, as an echo flying blindly
along a blank wall of cliff. Out of weedy
places, wherein the tide sobbed with long,
gurgling moans, came at intervals the barking
of a seal.
Inland, by the hamlet of Contullich, there
is a reedy tarn called the Loch-a-chaoruinn.[5]
By the shores of this mournful water a man
moved. It was a slow, weary walk that of
the man Neil Ross. He had come from
Duninch, thirty miles to the eastward, and had
not rested foot, nor eaten, nor had word of
man or woman, since his going west an hour
after dawn.
At the bend of the loch nearest the clachan
he came upon an old woman carrying peat.
To his reiterated question as to where he
was, and if the tarn were Feur-Lochan above
Fionnaphort that is on the strait of Iona on
the west side of the Ross of Mull, she did
not at first make any answer. The rain
trickled down her withered brown face, over
which the thin grey locks hung limply. It
was only in the deep-set eyes that the flame
of life still glimmered, though that dimly.
The man had used the English when first
he spoke, but as though mechanically. Supposing
that he had not been understood, he
repeated his question in the Gaelic.
After a minute’s silence the old woman
answered him in the native tongue, but only
to put a question in return.
“I am thinking it is a long time since you
have been in Iona?”
The man stirred uneasily.
“And why is that, mother?” he asked, in
a weak voice hoarse with damp and fatigue;
“how is it you will be knowing that I have
been in Iona at all?”
“Because I knew your kith and kin there,
Neil Ross.”
“I have not been hearing that name, mother,
for many a long year. And as for the old
face o’ you, it is unbeknown to me.”
“I was at the naming of you, for all
that. Well do I remember the day that Silis
Macallum gave you birth; and I was at the
house on the croft of Ballyrona when Murtagh
Ross—that was your father—laughed. It was
an ill laughing that.”
“I am knowing it. The curse of God on
him!”
“’Tis not the first, nor the last, though the
grass is on his head three years agone now.”
“You that know who I am will be knowing
that I have no kith or kin now on
Iona?”
“Ay; they are all under grey stone or
running wave. Donald your brother, and
Murtagh your next brother, and little Silis,
and your mother Silis herself, and your two
brothers of your father, Angus and Ian
Macallum, and your father Murtagh Ross,
and his lawful childless wife, Dionaid, and
his sister Anna—one and all, they lie beneath
the green wave or in the brown mould.
It is said there is a curse upon all who live
at Ballyrona. The owl builds now in the
rafters, and it is the big sea-rat that runs
across the fireless hearth.”
“It is there I am going.”
“The foolishness is on you, Neil Ross.”
“Now it is that I am knowing who you
are. It is old Sheen Macarthur I am speaking
to.”
“Tha mise … it is I.”
“And you will be alone now, too, I am
thinking, Sheen?”
“I am alone. God took my three boys at
the one fishing ten years ago; and before
there was moonrise in the blackness of my
heart my man went. It was after the drowning
of Anndra that my croft was taken from
me. Then I crossed the Sound, and shared
with my widow sister Elsie McVurie: till she
went: and then the two cows had to go:
and I had no rent: and was old.”
In the silence that followed, the rain dribbled
from the sodden bracken and dripping loneroid.
Big tears rolled slowly down the deep
lines on the face of Sheen. Once there was
a sob in her throat, but she put her shaking
hand to it, and it was still.
Neil Ross shifted from foot to foot. The
ooze in that marshy place squelched with
each restless movement he made. Beyond
them a plover wheeled, a blurred splatch
in the mist, crying its mournful cry over
and over and over.
It was a pitiful thing to hear: ah, bitter
loneliness, bitter patience of poor old women.
That he knew well. But he was too weary,
and his heart was nigh full of its own
burthen. The words could not come to his
lips. But at last he spoke.
“Tha mo chridhe goirt,” he said, with tears
in his voice, as he put his hand on her bent
shoulder; “my heart is sore.”
She put up her old face against his.
“’S tha e ruidhinn mo chridhe,” she whispered;
“it is touching my heart you are.”
After that they walked on slowly through
the dripping mist, each dumb and brooding
deep.
“Where will you be staying this night?”
asked Sheen suddenly, when they had traversed
a wide boggy stretch of land; adding,
as by an afterthought—“Ah, it is asking you
were if the tarn there were Feur-Lochan.
No; it is Loch-a-chaoruinn, and the clachan
that is near is Contullich.”
“Which way?”
“Yonder: to the right.”
“And you are not going there?”
“No. I am going to the steading of
Andrew Blair. Maybe you are for knowing it?
It is called the Baile-na-Chlais-nambuidheag.”[6]
“I do not remember. But it is remembering
a Blair I am. He was Adam, the son
of Adam, the son of Robert. He and my
father did many an ill deed together.”
“Ay, to the stones be it said. Sure, now,
there was, even till this weary day, no man
or woman who had a good word for Adam
Blair.”
“And why that … why till this day?”
“It is not yet the third hour since he went
into the silence.”
Neil Ross uttered a sound like a stifled
curse. For a time he trudged wearily on.
“Then I am too late,” he said at last, but
as though speaking to himself. “I had hoped
to see him face to face again, and curse him
between the eyes. It was he who made
Murtagh Ross break his troth to my mother,
and marry that other woman, barren at that,
God be praised! And they say ill of him,
do they?”
“Ay, it is evil that is upon him. This
crime and that, God knows; and the shadow
of murder on his brow and in his eyes. Well,
well, ’tis ill to be speaking of a man in
corpse, and that near by. ’Tis Himself only
that knows, Neil Ross.”
“Maybe ay and maybe no. But where is
it that I can be sleeping this night, Sheen
Macarthur?”
“They will not be taking a stranger at the
farm this night of the nights, I am thinking.
There is no place else for seven miles yet,
when there is the clachan, before you will be
coming to Fionnaphort. There is the warm
byre, Neil, my man; or, if you can bide by
my peats, you may rest, and welcome, though
there is no bed for you, and no food either
save some of the porridge that is over.”
“And that will do well enough for me,
Sheen; and Himself bless you for it.”
And so it was.
After old Sheen Macarthur had given the
wayfarer food—poor food at that, but welcome
to one nigh starved, and for the heartsome
way it was given, and because of the thanks
to God that was upon it before even spoon
was lifted—she told him a lie. It was the
good lie of tender love.
“Sure now, after all, Neil, my man,” she
said, “it is sleeping at the farm I ought to
be, for Maisie Macdonald, the wise woman,
will be sitting by the corpse, and there will
be none to keep her company. It is there
I must be going; and if I am weary, there is
a good bed for me just beyond the dead-board,
which I am not minding at all. So, if it is
tired you are sitting by the peats, lie down on
my bed there, and have the sleep; and God
be with you.”
With that she went, and soundlessly, for
Neil Ross was already asleep, where he sat
on an upturned claar, with his elbows on his
knees, and his flame-lit face in his hands.
The rain had ceased; but the mist still
hung over the land, though in thin veils now,
and these slowly drifting seaward. Sheen
stepped wearily along the stony path that
led from her bothy to the farm-house. She
stood still once, the fear upon her, for she
saw three or four blurred yellow gleams moving
beyond her, eastward, along the dyke.
She knew what they were—the corpse-lights
that on the night of death go between the
bier and the place of burial. More than once
she had seen them before the last hour, and
by that token had known the end to be near.
Good Catholic that she was, she crossed herself,
and took heart. Then, muttering
Crois nan naoi aingeal leam
’O mhullach mo chinn
Gu craican mo bhonn
(The cross of the nine angels be about me,
From the top of my head
To the soles of my feet),
she went on her way fearlessly.
When she came to the White House, she
entered by the milk-shed that was between
the byre and the kitchen. At the end of it
was a paved place, with washing-tubs. At
one of these stood a girl that served in the
house,—an ignorant lass called Jessie McFall,
out of Oban. She was ignorant, indeed, not
to know that to wash clothes with a newly
dead body near by was an ill thing to do.
Was it not a matter for the knowing that the
corpse could hear, and might rise up in the
night and clothe itself in a clean white shroud?
She was still speaking to the lassie when
Maisie Macdonald, the deid-watcher, opened
the door of the room behind the kitchen to
see who it was that was come. The two old
women nodded silently. It was not till Sheen
was in the closed room, midway in which
something covered with a sheet lay on a
board, that any word was spoken.
“Duit sìth mòr, Beann Macdonald.”
“And deep peace to you, too, Sheen; and
to him that is there.”
“Och, ochone, mise ’n diugh; ’tis a dark
hour this.”
“Ay; it is bad. Will you have been hearing
or seeing anything?”
“Well, as for that, I am thinking I saw
lights moving betwixt here and the green place
over there.”
“The corpse-lights?”
“Well, it is calling them that they are.”
“I thought they would be out. And I have
been hearing the noise of the planks—the
cracking of the boards, you know, that will
be used for the coffin to-morrow.”
A long silence followed. The old women
had seated themselves by the corpse, their
cloaks over their heads. The room was fireless,
and was lit only by a tall wax death-candle,
kept against the hour of the going.
At last Sheen began swaying slowly to and
fro, crooning low the while. “I would not be
for doing that, Sheen Macarthur,” said the deid-watcher
in a low voice, but meaningly; adding,
after a moment’s pause, “The mice have all
left the house.”
Sheen sat upright, a look half of terror half
of awe in her eyes.
“God save the sinful soul that is hiding,”
she whispered.
Well she knew what Maisie meant. If the
soul of the dead be a lost soul it knows its
doom. The house of death is the house of
sanctuary; but before the dawn that follows the
death-night the soul must go forth, whosoever
or whatsoever wait for it in the homeless,
shelterless plains of air around and beyond.
If it be well with the soul, it need have no
fear: if it be not ill with the soul, it may
fare forth with surety; but if it be ill with
the soul, ill will the going be. Thus is it
that the spirit of an evil man cannot stay,
and yet dare not go; and so it strives to
hide itself in secret places anywhere, in dark
channels and blind walls; and the wise
creatures that live near man smell the terror,
and flee. Maisie repeated the saying of Sheen;
then, after a silence, added—
“Adam Blair will not lie in his grave for a
year and a day because of the sins that are
upon him; and it is knowing that, they are,
here. He will be the Watcher of the Dead
for a year and a day.”
“Ay, sure, there will be dark prints in the
dawn-dew over yonder.”
Once more the old women relapsed into
silence. Through the night there was a sighing
sound. It was not the sea, which was too
far off to be heard save in a day of storm.
The wind it was, that was dragging itself
across the sodden moors like a wounded thing,
moaning and sighing.
Out of sheer weariness, Sheen twice rocked
forward from her stool, heavy with sleep. At
last Maisie led her over to the niche-bed
opposite, and laid her down there, and waited
till the deep furrows in the face relaxed somewhat,
and the thin breath laboured slow across
the fallen jaw.
“Poor old woman,” she muttered, heedless
of her own grey hairs and greyer years; “a
bitter, bad thing it is to be old, old and weary.
’Tis the sorrow, that. God keep the pain of it!”
As for herself, she did not sleep at all that
night, but sat between the living and the dead,
with her plaid shrouding her. Once, when
Sheen gave a low, terrified scream in her sleep,
she rose, and in a loud voice cried, “Sheeach-ad!
Away with you!” And with that she lifted
the shroud from the dead man, and took the
pennies off the eyelids, and lifted each lid;
then, staring into these filmed wells, muttered
an ancient incantation that would compel the
soul of Adam Blair to leave the spirit of Sheen
alone, and return to the cold corpse that was
its coffin till the wood was ready.
The dawn came at last. Sheen slept, and
Adam Blair slept a deeper sleep, and Maisie
stared out of her wan, weary eyes against the
red and stormy flares of light that came into
the sky.
When, an hour after sunrise, Sheen Macarthur
reached her bothy, she found Neil Ross, heavy
with slumber, upon her bed. The fire was not
out, though no flame or spark was visible; but
she stooped and blew at the heart of the peats
till the redness came, and once it came it grew.
Having done this, she kneeled and said a rune
of the morning, and after that a prayer, and
then a prayer for the poor man Neil. She
could pray no more because of the tears. She
rose and put the meal and water into the pot
for the porridge to be ready against his awaking.
One of the hens that was there came and
pecked at her ragged skirt. “Poor beastie,”
she said. “Sure, that will just be the way
I am pulling at the white robe of the Mother
o’ God. ’Tis a bit meal for you, cluckie, and
for me a healing hand upon my tears. O, och,
ochone, the tears, the tears!”
It was not till the third hour after sunrise
of that bleak day in that winter of the winters,
that Neil Ross stirred and arose. He ate in
silence. Once he said that he smelt the snow
coming out of the north. Sheen said no word
at all.
After the porridge, he took his pipe, but
there was no tobacco. All that Sheen had
was the pipeful she kept against the gloom
of the Sabbath. It was her one solace in the
long weary week. She gave him this, and held
a burning peat to his mouth, and hungered
over the thin, rank smoke that curled upward.
It was within half-an-hour of noon that, after
an absence, she returned.
“Not between you and me, Neil Ross,” she
began abruptly, “but just for the asking, and
what is beyond. Is it any money you are
having upon you?”
“No.”
“Nothing?”
“Nothing.”
“Then how will you be getting across to
Iona? It is seven long miles to Fionnaphort,
and bitter cold at that, and you will be
needing food, and then the ferry, the ferry
across the Sound, you know.”
“Ay, I know.”
“What would you do for a silver piece, Neil,
my man?”
“You have none to give me, Sheen Macarthur;
and, if you had, it would not be
taking it I would.”
“Would you kiss a dead man for a crown-piece—a
crown-piece of five good shillings?”
Neil Ross stared. Then he sprang to his feet.
“It is Adam Blair you are meaning, woman!
God curse him in death now that he is no
longer in life!”
Then, shaking and trembling, he sat down
again, and brooded against the dull red glow
of the peats.
But, when he rose, in the last quarter before
noon, his face was white.
“The dead are dead, Sheen Macarthur. They
can know or do nothing. I will do it. It is
willed. Yes, I am going up to the house
there. And now I am going from here. God
Himself has my thanks to you, and my blessing
too. They will come back to you. It
is not forgetting you I will be. Good-bye.”
“Good-bye, Neil, son of the woman that was
my friend. A south wind to you! Go up by
the farm. In the front of the house you will
see what you will be seeing. Maisie Macdonald
will be there. She will tell you what’s for
the telling. There is no harm in it, sure: sure,
the dead are dead. It is praying for you I will
be, Neil Ross. Peace to you!”
“And to you, Sheen.”
And with that the man went.
When Neil Ross reached the byres of the
farm in the wide hollow, he saw two figures
standing as though awaiting him, but separate,
and unseen of the other. In front of the
house was a man he knew to be Andrew
Blair; behind the milk-shed was a woman he
guessed to be Maisie Macdonald.
It was the woman he came upon first.
“Are you the friend of Sheen Macarthur?”
she asked in a whisper, as she beckoned him
to the doorway.
“I am.”
“I am knowing no names or anything. And
no one here will know you, I am thinking. So
do the thing and begone.”
“There is no harm to it?”
“None.”
“It will be a thing often done, is it not?”
“Ay, sure.”
“And the evil does not abide?”
“No. The … the … person … the person
takes them away, and …”
“Them?”
“For sure, man! Them … the sins of the
corpse. He takes them away; and are you for
thinking God would let the innocent suffer for
the guilty? No … the person … the Sin-Eater,
you know … takes them away on himself,
and one by one the air of heaven washes
them away till he, the Sin-Eater, is clean and
whole as before.”
“But if it is a man you hate … if it is a
corpse that is the corpse of one who has been
a curse and a foe … if …”
“Sst! Be still now with your foolishness.
It is only an idle saying, I am thinking. Do
it, and take the money and go. It will be
hell enough for Adam Blair, miser as he was,
if he is for knowing that five good shillings
of his money are to go to a passing tramp
because of an old, ancient silly tale.”
Neil Ross laughed low at that. It was for
pleasure to him.
“Hush wi’ ye! Andrew Blair is waiting
round there. Say that I have sent you round,
as I have neither bite nor bit to give.”
Turning on his heel, Neil walked slowly
round to the front of the house. A tall man
was there, gaunt and brown, with hairless face
and lank brown hair, but with eyes cold and
grey as the sea.
“Good day to you, an’ good faring. Will
you be passing this way to anywhere?”
“Health to you. I am a stranger here. It is
on my way to Iona I am. But I have the hunger
upon me. There is not a brown bit in my
pocket. I asked at the door there, near the byres.
The woman told me she could give me nothing—not
a penny even, worse luck,—nor, for that,
a drink of warm milk. ’Tis a sore land this.”
“You have the Gaelic of the Isles. Is it
from Iona you are?”
“It is from the Isles of the West I come.”
“From Tiree? … from Coll?”
“No.”
“From the Long Island … or from Uist …
or maybe from Benbecula?”
“No.”
“Oh well, sure it is no matter to me. But
may I be asking your name?”
“Macallum.”
“Do you know there is a death here, Macallum?”
“If I didn’t, I would know it now, because
of what lies yonder.”
Mechanically Andrew Blair looked round.
As he knew, a rough bier was there, that was
made of a dead-board laid upon three milking-stools.
Beside it was a claar, a small tub to
hold potatoes. On the bier was a corpse,
covered with a canvas sheeting that looked
like a sail.
“He was a worthy man, my father,” began
the son of the dead man, slowly; “but he had
his faults, like all of us. I might even be
saying that he had his sins, to the Stones be
it said. You will be knowing, Macallum, what
is thought among the folk … that a stranger,
passing by, may take away the sins of the
dead, and that, too, without any hurt whatever
… any hurt whatever.”
“Ay, sure.”
“And you will be knowing what is done?”
“Ay.”
“With the bread … and the water…?”
“Ay.”
“It is a small thing to do. It is a Christian
thing. I would be doing it myself, and that
gladly, but the … the … passer-by who …”
“It is talking of the Sin-Eater you are?”
“Yes, yes, for sure. The Sin-Eater as he is
called—and a good Christian act it is, for all that
the ministers and the priests make a frowning at
it—the Sin-Eater must be a stranger. He must
be a stranger, and should know nothing of the
dead man—above all, bear him no grudge.”
At that Neil Ross’s eyes lightened for a
moment.
“And why that?”
“Who knows? I have heard this, and I
have heard that. If the Sin-Eater was hating
the dead man he could take the sins and
fling them into the sea, and they would be
changed into demons of the air that would
harry the flying soul till Judgment-Day.”
“And how would that thing be done?”
The man spoke with flashing eyes and
parted lips, the breath coming swift. Andrew
Blair looked at him suspiciously; and hesitated,
before, in a cold voice, he spoke again.
“That is all folly, I am thinking, Macallum.
Maybe it is all folly, the whole of it. But, see
here, I have no time to be talking with you. If
you will take the bread and the water you shall
have a good meal if you want it, and … and
… yes, look you, my man, I will be giving
you a shilling too, for luck.”
“I will have no meal in this house, Anndra-mhic-Adam;
nor will I do this thing unless
you will be giving me two silver half-crowns.
That is the sum I must have, or no other.”
“Two half-crowns! Why, man, for one half-crown …”
“Then be eating the sins o’ your father
yourself, Andrew Blair! It is going I am.”
“Stop, man! Stop, Macallum. See here:
I will be giving you what you ask.”
“So be it. Is the … Are you ready?”
“Ay, come this way.”
With that the two men turned and moved
slowly towards the bier.
In the doorway of the house stood a man
and two women; farther in, a woman; and
at the window to the left, the serving-wench,
Jessie McFall, and two men of the farm. Of
those in the doorway, the man was Peter, the
half-witted youngest brother of Andrew Blair;
the taller and older woman was Catreen, the
widow of Adam, the second brother; and the
thin, slight woman, with staring eyes and
drooping mouth, was Muireall, the wife of
Andrew. The old woman behind these was
Maisie Macdonald.
Andrew Blair stooped and took a saucer
out of the claar. This he put upon the
covered breast of the corpse. He stooped
again, and brought forth a thick square piece
of new-made bread. That also he placed upon
the breast of the corpse. Then he stooped
again, and with that he emptied a spoonful
of salt alongside the bread.
“I must see the corpse,” said Neil Ross
simply.
“It is not needful, Macallum.”
“I must be seeing the corpse, I tell you—and
for that, too, the bread and the water
should be on the naked breast.”
“No, no, man; it …”
But here a voice, that of Maisie the wise
woman, came upon them, saying that the man
was right, and that the eating of the sins
should be done in that way and no other.
With an ill grace the son of the dead man
drew back the sheeting. Beneath it, the corpse
was in a clean white shirt, a death-gown long
ago prepared, that covered him from his neck
to his feet, and left only the dusky yellowish
face exposed.
While Andrew Blair unfastened the shirt
and placed the saucer and the bread and the
salt on the breast, the man beside him stood
staring fixedly on the frozen features of the
corpse. The new laird had to speak to him
twice before he heard.
“I am ready. And you, now? What is it
you are muttering over against the lips of the
dead?”
“It is giving him a message I am. There
is no harm in that, sure?”
“Keep to your own folk, Macallum. You
are from the West you say, and we are from
the North. There can be no messages between
you and a Blair of Strathmore, no messages
for you to be giving.”
“He that lies here knows well the man to
whom I am sending a message”—and at this
response Andrew Blair scowled darkly. He
would fain have sent the man about his
business, but he feared he might get no other.
“It is thinking I am that you are not a
Macallum at all. I know all of that name in
Mull, Iona, Skye, and the near isles. What
will the name of your naming be, and of your
father, and of his place?”
Whether he really wanted an answer, or
whether he sought only to divert the man
from his procrastination, his question had a
satisfactory result.
“Well, now, it’s ready I am, Anndra-mhic-Adam.”
With that, Andrew Blair stooped once more
and from the claar brought a small jug of
water. From this he filled the saucer.
“You know what to say and what to do,
Macallum.”
There was not one there who did not have
a shortened breath because of the mystery
that was now before them, and the fearfulness
of it. Neil Ross drew himself up, erect, stiff,
with white, drawn face. All who waited, save
Andrew Blair, thought that the moving of his
lips was because of the prayer that was
slipping upon them, like the last lapsing of
the ebb-tide. But Blair was watching him
closely, and knew that it was no prayer which
stole out against the blank air that was
around the dead.
Slowly Neil Ross extended his right arm.
He took a pinch of the salt and put it in the
saucer, then took another pinch and sprinkled
it upon the bread. His hand shook for a
moment as he touched the saucer. But there
was no shaking as he raised it towards his
lips, or when he held it before him when he
spoke.
“With this water that has salt in it, and
has lain on thy corpse, O Adam mhic Anndra
mhic Adam Mòr, I drink away all the evil
that is upon thee …”
There was throbbing silence while he paused.
“… And may it be upon me and not
upon thee, if with this water it cannot flow
away.”
Thereupon, he raised the saucer and passed
it thrice round the head of the corpse sun-ways;
and, having done this, lifted it to his
lips and drank as much as his mouth would
hold. Thereafter he poured the remnant over
his left hand, and let it trickle to the ground.
Then he took the piece of bread. Thrice, too,
he passed it round the head of the corpse
sun-ways.
He turned and looked at the man by his
side, then at the others, who watched him
with beating hearts.
With a loud clear voice he took the sins.
“Thoir dhomh do ciontachd, O Adam mhic
Anndra mhic Adam Mòr! Give me thy sins
to take away from thee! Lo, now, as I stand
here, I break this bread that has lain on thee
in corpse, and I am eating it, I am, and in
that eating I take upon me the sins of thee,
O man that was alive and is now white with
the stillness!”
Thereupon Neil Ross broke the bread and
ate of it, and took upon himself the sins of
Adam Blair that was dead. It was a bitter
swallowing, that. The remainder of the bread
he crumbled in his hand, and threw it on the
ground, and trod upon it. Andrew Blair gave
a sigh of relief. His cold eyes lightened with
malice.
“Be off with you, now, Macallum. We are
wanting no tramps at the farm here, and
perhaps you had better not be trying to get
work this side Iona; for it is known as
the Sin-Eater you will be, and that won’t be
for the helping, I am thinking! There: there
are the two half-crowns for you … and may
they bring you no harm, you that are Scapegoat
now!”
The Sin-Eater turned at that, and stared
like a hill-bull. Scapegoat! Ay, that’s what
he was. Sin-Eater, Scapegoat! Was he not,
too, another Judas, to have sold for silver
that which was not for the selling? No, no,
for sure Maisie Macdonald could tell him the
rune that would serve for the easing of this
burden. He would soon be quit of it.
Slowly he took the money, turned it over,
and put it in his pocket.
“I am going, Andrew Blair,” he said quietly,
“I am going now. I will not say to him
that is there in the silence, A chuid do Pharas
da!—nor will I say to you, Gu’n gleidheadh
Dia thu,—nor will I say to this dwelling
that is the home of thee and thine, Gu’n
beannaicheadh Dia an tigh!”[7]
Here there was a pause. All listened.
Andrew Blair shifted uneasily, the furtive eyes
of him going this way and that, like a ferret
in the grass.
“But, Andrew Blair, I will say this: when
you fare abroad, Droch caoidh ort! and when
you go upon the water, Gaoth gun direadh
ort! Ay, ay, Anndra-mhic-Adam, Dia ad
aghaidh ’s ad aodann … agus bas dunach
ort! Dhonas ’s dholas ort, agus leat-sa!”[8]
The bitterness of these words was like snow
in June upon all there. They stood amazed.
None spoke. No one moved.
Neil Ross turned upon his heel, and, with
a bright light in his eyes, walked away from
the dead and the living. He went by the
byres, whence he had come. Andrew Blair
remained where he was, now glooming at the
corpse, now biting his nails and staring at the
damp sods at his feet.
When Neil reached the end of the milk-shed
he saw Maisie Macdonald there, waiting.
“These were ill sayings of yours, Neil Ross,”
she said in a low voice, so that she might not
be overheard from the house.
“So, it is knowing me you are.”
“Sheen Macarthur told me.”
“I have good cause.”
“That is a true word. I know it.”
“Tell me this thing. What is the rune that
is said for the throwing into the sea of the
sins of the dead? See here, Maisie Macdonald.
There is no money of that man that
I would carry a mile with me. Here it is.
It is yours, if you will tell me that rune.”
Maisie took the money hesitatingly. Then,
stooping, she said slowly the few lines of the
old, old rune.
“Will you be remembering that?”
“It is not forgetting it I will be, Maisie.”
“Wait a moment. There is some warm
milk here.”
With that she went, and then, from within,
beckoned to him to enter.
“There is no one here, Neil Ross. Drink
the milk.”
He drank; and while he did so she drew a
leather pouch from some hidden place in her dress.
“And now I have this to give you.”
She counted out ten pennies and two
farthings.
“It is all the coppers I have. You are
welcome to them. Take them, friend of my
friend. They will give you the food you need,
and the ferry across the Sound.”
“I will do that, Maisie Macdonald, and
thanks to you. It is not forgetting it I will
be, nor you, good woman. And now, tell me,
is it safe that I am? He called me a
‘scapegoat’; he, Andrew Blair! Can evil
touch me between this and the sea?”
“You must go to the place where the evil
was done to you and yours—and that, I
know, is on the west side of Iona. Go, and
God preserve you. But here, too, is a sian
that will be for the safety.”
Thereupon, with swift mutterings she said
this charm: an old, familiar Sian against
Sudden Harm:—
“Sian a chuir Moire air Mac ort,
Sian ro’ marbhadh, sian ro’ lot ort,
Sian eadar a’ chlioch ’s a’ ghlun,
Sian nan Tri ann an aon ort,
O mhullach do chinn gu bonn do chois ort:
Sian seachd eadar a h-aon ort,
Sian seachd eadar a dha ort,
Sian seachd eadar a tri ort,
Sian seachd eadar a ceithir ort,
Sian seachd eadar a coig ort,
Sian seachd eadar a sia ort,
Sian seachd paidir nan seach paidir dol deiseil ri diugh narach ort, ga do ghleidheadh bho bheud ’s bho mhi-thapadh!”
Scarcely had she finished before she heard
heavy steps approaching.
“Away with you,” she whispered, repeating
in a loud, angry tone, “Away with you!
Seachad! Seachad!”
And with that Neil Ross slipped from the
milk-shed and crossed the yard, and was behind
the byres before Andrew Blair, with sullen
mien and swift, wild eyes, strode from the house.
It was with a grim smile on his face that
Neil tramped down the wet heather till he
reached the high road, and fared thence as
through a marsh because of the rains there
had been.
For the first mile he thought of the angry
mind of the dead man, bitter at paying of
the silver. For the second mile he thought of
the evil that had been wrought for him and
his. For the third mile he pondered over all
that he had heard and done and taken upon
him that day.
Then he sat down upon a broken granite
heap by the way, and brooded deep till one
hour went, and then another, and the third
was upon him.
A man driving two calves came towards
him out of the west. He did not hear or
see. The man stopped: spoke again. Neil
gave no answer. The drover shrugged his
shoulders, hesitated, and walked slowly on,
often looking back.
An hour later a shepherd came by the way
he himself had tramped. He was a tall, gaunt
man with a squint. The small, pale-blue
eyes glittered out of a mass of red hair that
almost covered his face. He stood still,
opposite Neil, and leaned on his cromak.
“Latha math leat,” he said at last: “I wish
you good day.”
Neil glanced at him, but did not speak.
“What is your name, for I seem to know
you?”
But Neil had already forgotten him. The
shepherd took out his snuff-mull, helped himself,
and handed the mull to the lonely wayfarer.
Neil mechanically helped himself.
“Am bheil thu ’dol do Fhionphort?” tried
the shepherd again: “Are you going to
Fionnaphort?”
“Tha mise ’dol a dh’ I-challum-chille,”
Neil answered, in a low, weary voice, and as
a man adream: “I am on my way to Iona.”
“I am thinking I know now who you are.
You are the man Macallum.”
Neil looked, but did not speak. His eyes
dreamed against what the other could not
see or know. The shepherd called angrily
to his dogs to keep the sheep from straying;
then, with a resentful air, turned to his
victim.
“You are a silent man for sure, you are.
I’m hoping it is not the curse upon you
already.”
“What curse?”
“Ah, that has brought the wind against the
mist! I was thinking so!”
“What curse?”
“You are the man that was the Sin-Eater
over there?”
“Ay.”
“The man Macallum?”
“Ay.”
“Strange it is, but three days ago I saw
you in Tobermory, and heard you give your
name as Neil Ross to an Iona man that was
there.”
“Well?”
“Oh, sure, it is nothing to me. But they
say the Sin-Eater should not be a man with
a hidden lump in his pack.”[9]
“Why?”
“For the dead know, and are content.
There is no shaking off any sins, then—for
that man.”
“It is a lie.”
“Maybe ay and maybe no.”
“Well, have you more to be saying to
me? I am obliged to you for your company,
but it is not needing it I am, though
no offence.”
“Och, man, there’s no offence between you
and me. Sure, there’s Iona in me, too; for
the father of my father married a woman that
was the granddaughter of Tomais Macdonald,
who was a fisherman there. No, no; it is
rather warning you I would be.”
“And for what?”
“Well, well, just because of that laugh I
heard about.”
“What laugh?”
“The laugh of Adam Blair that is dead.”
Neil Ross stared, his eyes large and wild.
He leaned a little forward. No word came
from him. The look that was on his face
was the question.
“Yes: it was this way. Sure, the telling
of it is just as I heard it. After you ate the
sins of Adam Blair, the people there brought
out the coffin. When they were putting him
into it, he was as stiff as a sheep dead in
the snow—and just like that, too, with his
eyes wide open. Well, someone saw you
trampling the heather down the slope that
is in front of the house, and said, ‘It is the
Sin-Eater!’ With that, Andrew Blair sneered,
and said—‘Ay, ’tis the scapegoat he is!’ Then,
after a while, he went on: ‘The Sin-Eater
they call him: ay, just so: and a bitter good
bargain it is, too, if all’s true that’s thought
true!’ And with that he laughed, and then
his wife that was behind him laughed, and
then …”
“Well, what then?”
“Well, ’tis Himself that hears and knows
if it is true! But this is the thing I was
told:—After that laughing there was a stillness
and a dread. For all there saw that
the corpse had turned its head and was
looking after you as you went down the
heather. Then, Neil Ross, if that be your
true name, Adam Blair that was dead put
up his white face against the sky, and
laughed.”
At this, Ross sprang to his feet with a
gasping sob.
“It is a lie, that thing!” he cried, shaking
his fist at the shepherd. “It is a lie!”
“It is no lie. And by the same token,
Andrew Blair shrank back white and shaking,
and his woman had the swoon upon her, and
who knows but the corpse might have come
to life again had it not been for Maisie
Macdonald, the deid-watcher, who clapped a
handful of salt on his eyes, and tilted the
coffin so that the bottom of it slid forward,
and so let the whole fall flat on the ground,
with Adam Blair in it sideways, and as likely
as not cursing and groaning, as his wont was,
for the hurt both to his old bones and his old
ancient dignity.”
Ross glared at the man as though the madness
was upon him. Fear and horror and fierce
rage swung him now this way and now that.
“What will the name of you be, shepherd?”
he stuttered huskily.
“It is Eachainn Gilleasbuig I am to ourselves;
and the English of that for those who
have no Gaelic is Hector Gillespie; and I am
Eachainn mac Ian mac Alasdair of Strathsheean
that is where Sutherland lies against
Ross.”
“Then take this thing—and that is, the
curse of the Sin-Eater! And a bitter bad
thing may it be upon you and yours.”
And with that Neil the Sin-Eater flung his
hand up into the air, and then leaped past the
shepherd, and a minute later was running
through the frightened sheep, with his head
low, and a white foam on his lips, and his
eyes red with blood as a seal’s that has the
death-wound on it.
On the third day of the seventh month
from that day, Aulay Macneill, coming into
Balliemore of Iona from the west side of the
island, said to old Ronald MacCormick, that
was the father of his wife, that he had seen
Neil Ross again, and that he was “absent”—for
though he had spoken to him, Neil would
not answer, but only gloomed at him from the
wet weedy rock where he sat.
The going back of the man had loosed every
tongue that was in Iona. When, too, it was
known that he was wrought in some terrible
way, if not actually mad, the islanders whispered
that it was because of the sins of Adam
Blair. Seldom or never now did they speak
of him by his name, but simply as “The Sin-Eater.”
The thing was not so rare as to
cause this strangeness, nor did many (and
perhaps none did) think that the sins of the
dead ever might or could abide with the living
who had merely done a good Christian charitable
thing. But there was a reason.
Not long after Neil Ross had come again
to Iona, and had settled down in the ruined
roofless house on the croft of Ballyrona, just
like a fox or a wild-cat, as the saying was,
he was given fishing-work to do by Aulay
Macneill, who lived at Ard-an-teine, at the
rocky north end of the machar or plain that
is on the west Atlantic coast of the island.
One moonlit night, either the seventh or
the ninth after the earthing of Adam Blair
at his own place in the Ross, Aulay Macneill
saw Neil Ross steal out of the shadow of
Ballyrona and make for the sea. Macneill
was there by the rocks, mending a lobster-creel.
He had gone there because of the
sadness. Well, when he saw the Sin-Eater,
he watched.
Neil crept from rock to rock till he reached
the last fang that churns the sea into yeast
when the tide sucks the land just opposite.
Then he called out something that Aulay
Macneill could not catch. With that he
springs up, and throws his arms above him.
“Then,” says Aulay when he tells the tale,
“it was like a ghost he was. The moonshine
was on his face like the curl o’ a wave.
White! there is no whiteness like that of the
human face. It was whiter than the foam
about the skerry it was; whiter than the moon
shining; whiter than … well, as white as
the painted letters on the black boards of
the fishing-cobles. There he stood, for all
that the sea was about him, the slip-slop
waves leapin’ wild, and the tide making, too,
at that. He was shaking like a sail two
points off the wind. It was then that, all of
a sudden, he called in a womany, screamin’
voice—
“‘I am throwing the sins of Adam Blair
into the midst of ye, white dogs o’ the sea!
Drown them, tear them, drag them away out
into the black deeps! Ay, ay, ay, ye dancin’
wild waves, this is the third time I am doing
it, and now there is none left; no, not a sin,
not a sin!
“‘O-hi, O-ri, dark tide o’ the sea,
I am giving the sins of a dead man to thee!
By the Stones, by the Wind, by the Fire, by the Tree,
From the dead man’s sins set me free, set me free!
Adam mhic Anndra mhic Adam and me,
Set us free! Set us free!’
“Ay, sure, the Sin-Eater sang that over
and over; and after the third singing he
swung his arms and screamed—
“‘And listen to me, black waters an’ running tide,
That rune is the good rune told me by Maisie the wise,
And I am Neil the son of Silis Macallum
By the black-hearted evil man Murtagh Ross,
That was the friend of Adam mac Anndra, God against him!’
“And with that he scrambled and fell into
the sea. But, as I am Aulay mac Luais
and no other, he was up in a moment, an’
swimmin’ like a seal, and then over the rocks
again, an’ away back to that lonely roofless
place once more, laughing wild at times, an’
muttering an’ whispering.”
It was this tale of Aulay Macneill’s that
stood between Neil Ross and the isle-folk.
There was something behind all that, they
whispered one to another.
So it was always the Sin-Eater he was
called at last. None sought him. The few
children who came upon him now and again
fled at his approach, or at the very sight of
him. Only Aulay Macneill saw him at times,
and had word of him.
After a month had gone by, all knew that
the Sin-Eater was wrought to madness because
of this awful thing: the burden of Adam
Blair’s sins would not go from him! Night
and day he could hear them laughing low, it
was said.
But it was the quiet madness. He went to
and fro like a shadow in the grass, and almost
as soundless as that, and as voiceless. More
and more the name of him grew as a terror.
There were few folk on that wild west coast
of Iona, and these few avoided him when the
word ran that he had knowledge of strange
things, and converse, too, with the secrets of
the sea.
One day Aulay Macneill, in his boat, but
dumb with amaze and terror for him, saw him
at high tide swimming on a long rolling wave
right into the hollow of the Spouting Cave.
In the memory of man, no one had done this
and escaped one of three things: a snatching
away into oblivion, a strangled death, or madness.
The islanders know that there swims
into the cave, at full tide, a Mar-Tarbh, a
dreadful creature of the sea that some call a
kelpie; only it is not a kelpie, which is like
a woman, but rather is a sea-bull, offspring of
the cattle that are never seen. Ill indeed for
any sheep or goat, ay, or even dog or child,
if any happens to be leaning over the edge of
the Spouting Cave when the Mar-tarbh roars:
for, of a surety, it will fall in and straightway
be devoured.
With awe and trembling Aulay listened for
the screaming of the doomed man. It was
full tide, and the sea-beast would be there.
The minutes passed, and no sign. Only the
hollow booming of the sea, as it moved like a
baffled blind giant round the cavern-bases:
only the rush and spray of the water flung
up the narrow shaft high into the windy air
above the cliff it penetrates.
At last he saw what looked like a mass of
sea-weed swirled out on the surge. It was the
Sin-Eater. With a leap, Aulay was at his
oars. The boat swung through the sea. Just
before Neil Ross was about to sink for the
second time, he caught him and dragged him
into the boat.
But then, as ever after, nothing was to be
got out of the Sin-Eater save a single saying:
Tha e lamhan fuar: Tha e lamhan fuar!—“It
has a cold, cold hand!”
The telling of this and other tales left none
free upon the island to look upon the “scapegoat”
save as one accursed.
It was in the third month that a new phase
of his madness came upon Neil Ross.
The horror of the sea and the passion for
the sea came over him at the same happening.
Oftentimes he would race along the shore,
screaming wild names to it, now hot with hate
and loathing, now as the pleading of a man
with the woman of his love. And strange
chants to it, too, were upon his lips. Old,
old lines of forgotten runes were overheard by
Aulay Macneill, and not Aulay only: lines
wherein the ancient sea-name of the island,
Ioua, that was given to it long before it was
called Iona, or any other of the nine names
that are said to belong to it, occurred again
and again.
The flowing tide it was that wrought him
thus. At the ebb he would wander across
the weedy slabs or among the rocks: silent,
and more like a lost duinshee than a man.
Then again after three months a change in
his madness came. None knew what it was,
though Aulay said that the man moaned and
moaned because of the awful burden he bore.
No drowning seas for the sins that could not
be washed away, no grave for the live sins
that would be quick till the day of the Judgment!
For weeks thereafter he disappeared. As
to where he was, it is not for the knowing.
Then at last came that third day of the
seventh month when, as I have said, Aulay
Macneill told old Ronald MacCormick that he
had seen the Sin-Eater again.
It was only a half-truth that he told, though.
For, after he had seen Neil Ross upon the
rock, he had followed him when he rose, and
wandered back to the roofless place which he
haunted now as of yore. Less wretched a
shelter now it was, because of the summer
that was come, though a cold, wet summer at
that.
“Is that you, Neil Ross?” he had asked, as
he peered into the shadows among the ruins
of the house.
“That’s not my name,” said the Sin-Eater;
and he seemed as strange then and there, as
though he were a castaway from a foreign
ship.
“And what will it be, then, you that are
my friend, and sure knowing me as Aulay
mac Luais—Aulay Macneill that never grudges
you bit or sup?”
“I am Judas.”
“And at that word,” says Aulay Macneill,
when he tells the tale, “at that word the
pulse in my heart was like a bat in a shut
room. But after a bit I took up the talk.
“‘Indeed,’ I said; ‘and I was not for knowing
that. May I be so bold as to ask whose
son, and of what place?’
“But all he said to me was, ‘I am Judas.’
“Well, I said, to comfort him, ‘Sure, it’s
not such a bad name in itself, though I am
knowing some which have a more home-like
sound.’ But no, it was no good.
“‘I am Judas. And because I sold the Son
of God for five pieces of silver …’
“But here I interrupted him and said,—‘Sure,
now, Neil—I mean, Judas—it was eight
times five.’ Yet the simpleness of his sorrow
prevailed, and I listened with the wet in my
eyes.
“‘I am Judas. And because I sold the
Son of God for five silver shillings, He laid
upon me all the nameless black sins of the
world. And that is why I am bearing them
till the Day of Days.’”
And this was the end of the Sin-Eater;
for I will not tell the long story of Aulay
Macneill, that gets longer and longer every
winter: but only the unchanging close of it.
I will tell it in the words of Aulay.
“A bitter, wild day it was, that day I saw
him to see him no more. It was late. The
sea was red with the flamin’ light that burned
up the air betwixt Iona and all that is west
of West. I was on the shore, looking at the
sea. The big green waves came in like the
chariots in the Holy Book. Well, it was on
the black shoulder of one of them, just short
of the ton o’ foam that swept above it, that
I saw a spar surgin’ by.
“‘What is that?’ I said to myself. And
the reason of my wondering was this: I saw
that a smaller spar was swung across it. And
while I was watching that thing another great
billow came in with a roar, and hurled the
double spar back, and not so far from me
but I might have gripped it. But who would
have gripped that thing if he were for seeing
what I saw?
“It is Himself knows that what I say is a
true thing.
“On that spar was Neil Ross, the Sin-Eater.
Naked he was as the day he was born. And
he was lashed, too—ay, sure, he was lashed
to it by ropes round and round his legs and
his waist and his left arm. It was the Cross
he was on. I saw that thing with the fear
upon me. Ah, poor drifting wreck that he
was! Judas on the Cross: It was his eric!
“But even as I watched, shaking in my
limbs, I saw that there was life in him still.
The lips were moving, and his right arm was
ever for swinging this way and that. ’Twas
like an oar, working him off a lee shore: ay,
that was what I thought.
“Then, all at once, he caught sight of me.
Well he knew me, poor man, that has his
share of heaven now, I am thinking!
“He waved, and called, but the hearing
could not be, because of a big surge o’ water
that came tumbling down upon him. In the
stroke of an oar he was swept close by the
rocks where I was standing. In that flounderin’,
seethin’ whirlpool I saw the white face
of him for a moment, an’ as he went out on
the re-surge like a hauled net, I heard these
words fallin’ against my ears,—
“‘An eirig m’anama … In ransom for
my soul!’
“And with that I saw the double-spar turn
over and slide down the back-sweep of a
drowning big wave. Ay, sure, it went out
to the deep sea swift enough then. It was
in the big eddy that rushes between Skerry-Mòr
and Skerry-Beag. I did not see it
again—no, not for the quarter of an hour,
I am thinking. Then I saw just the whirling
top of it rising out of the flying yeast of a
great, black-blustering wave, that was rushing
northward before the current that is called the
Black-Eddy.
“With that you have the end of Neil Ross:
ay, sure, him that was called the Sin-Eater.
And that is a true thing; and may God save
us the sorrow of sorrows.
“And that is all.”