or a
Minute Account[4] of the Appearance of
the Ghost of
JOHN CROXFORD
Executed at Northampton, August 4, 1764
For the Murder of a Stranger
in the Parish of Guilsborough
Printed in the year 1764 and reprinted by
F. Cordeaux, Northampton, 1819
Technical form of apparition: Phantasm of dead
Source of authenticity: Copied almost ad verbum
from the above MS., lent me by a resident in
Guilsborough, August 5, 1908
Cause of Haunting: Murder
The publication from which the following extracts
are taken was printed at Northampton (where the
original may still be seen, August 1908) in the year
1764.
It appears that the author, who was officiating
there as temporary chaplain to the jail, was a man
of indisputable and well-known integrity, and a
very popular preacher throughout the county.
In order to render his work useful and instructive,
innumerable references are made to the Scriptures,
but his quotations are of too great a length
for the following abridged tract, which is copied
from the original and contains only the account of
the interview the author had with Croxford’s
Ghost.
It appears from the account given in a pamphlet
reprinted and sold by G. Henson, Letterpress and
Copper-plate Printer, Bridge Street, Northampton,
1848, that on Saturday, August 4, 1764, John Croxford,
together with three others of the names of
Seamark, Deacon and Butlin were tried at the
Assizes of Northampton and convicted of murder.
It came out at the trial that the unfortunate
victim was a native of Scotland, travelling with
goods, and that by chance he called at the house of
Seamark, a shepherd’s hut in the parish of Guilsborough,
Northamptonshire, where Croxford and his
companions used to meet, where they robbed and
afterwards cruelly murdered him, and in order to
prevent a discovery consumed his body in an oven;
which was proved on the evidence of one of Seamark’s
children, who was an eye-witness to the
transaction, by looking through the crevices of the
floor from the room above.
They were all found guilty and executed on
August 4, 1764, and Croxford’s body hung in chains
on Hollowell Heath, in the parish of Guilsborough,
near the spot where the horrid deed was perpetrated—(and
no spot more suggestive of such a
tragedy could be imagined).
The author of the work—at that time (1764) holding
the appointment of chaplain to the Northampton
Jail—after quoting passages from various writers
to prove the reality of the subject, proceeds to give
an account of the appearance of Croxford’s Ghost,
as follows:
“I shall now proceed without further lett or
impediment to a plain and conscientious account
of the ghost or apparition which was the occasion
of my troubling the world with this narrative;
unless I first observe that the behaviour of the
prisoners, one of whom is the subject of these
pages, lately tried, condemned and executed at
Northampton, for the murder of a person unknown,
upon the evidence of Ann Seamark and her son,
about nine or ten years old, was such as astonished
every beholder....
“Clear and conclusive as the evidence was
against them, no arguments, even after condemnation,
though delivered and enforced with the
utmost energy, precision and perspicuity by a learned
and worthy divine, were able to reach their hardened
hearts and prevail for an open and unreserved
confession of their guilt. Even at the gallows, in
their last addresses to the people, they insisted on
their innocence in the strongest terms imaginable;
wishing the heaviest penalties an offended God
could inflict might be their portion in the next
world, if they were guilty of the murder that was
laid to their charge and for which they were about
to suffer.
“Thus did they divide the sentiments of the crowd
that many were brought over to a full persuasion of
their innocence, while others were left halting
between two opinions and severely agitated with
conflicting doubts. But mark the event.
“After having instructed my people as a teacher
in the knowledge of the Scriptures, I used to spend
the superfluous hours of the Lord’s Day in perusing
some part or other of the Old and New Testament.
“Accordingly, on August 12, 1764, being the
Sabbath, I returned as usual into my study, the
door of which is secured by a lock with a spring-bolt,
and sat down to my accustomed evening
devotion; the business of this day by rotation laying
in the New Testament, and in that part of it
where St. Paul in his Epistle to the Corinthians
proposes, maintains and proves the resurrection of
the body. Struck with the sublimity of his thoughts,
boldness of his figures, and energy of his diction,
and convinced by the number and weight of his
arguments, and looking with a pleasing foretaste of
happiness into futurity, I was on a sudden surprised
with the perfect form and appearance of a man, who
stood erect at a small distance from my right side.
“Conscious that the door was locked and that
there was no other means by which my visitor
could have entered, I was considerably surprised—surprise
turning into abject terror—when, glancing
with irresistible fascination at the man, I perceived
in him something indefinably but most unmistakably
Unnatural.
“Feeling sure that I was in the actual presence
of an apparition, I contrived, by an almost superhuman
effort, I admit, to sum up sufficient courage
to speak—my voice seeming dry and unrecognisable.
“I addressed it in the power and spirit of the
Gospel; inquiring on what errand it was sent; what
was intended by such an application, and what
services could be expected from a person of so little
note and mean abilities as myself.
“I must here state that although the spectre had
inspired me with so much awe, I did not associate
it with anything EVIL.
“Every second tended to strengthen my composure,
and when it spoke in a voice rather more hollow
and intense, perhaps, than that of a human being,
my fears were instantly dissipated. I was now able
to take a close stock of it, and observed that in
features, general appearance, and clothes it closely
resembled any ordinary labouring man; it was in
expression and colouring, only it differed—its eyes
were lurid, its cheeks livid.
“Raising one extremely white and emaciated
hand, it desired me to compose myself, saying that
as it was now strictly limited by a Superior Power,
and could do no one act but by the permission of
God, I had no reason to be afraid, abrupt as was its
appearance, and that if I would endeavour to overcome
the visible perturbation I was in, it would
proceed in the business of its errand.
“At this announcement my heart fluttered with
an excitement I found difficult to control. Was
the wonderful mystery that had hitherto enshrouded
the existence and composition of the Unknown
about to be revealed to me—was I going to be
initiated into those secrets heretofore denied to
man? Eagerly promising to compose myself, and
lost to all else save the fascinating presence of my
guest, I settled down to listen to anything the
phantasm might have to say.
“The room, I must here state, was lighted by a
single, though rather powerful, double-wick oil
lamp, which I had always deemed sufficient to
illuminate the whole apartment, but which now—and
I could not help noticing the phenomenon—did
not extend its rays beyond the cadaverous face of
my intruder, upon which the full force of its light
seemed concentrated.
“Commencing in clear and solemn tones, the
phantasm stated that it was one of the unhappy
prisoners executed at Northampton on the 4th of
August, 1764.
“A cold chill ran down my back at this announcement,
which was intensified when I recognised for
the first time that the figure confronting me bore a
startling likeness to one of the prisoners it had been
my unhappy lot to address prior to his execution:
there was the same hair, brows and beard—black
and stubby; the protruding forehead and retreating
chin that had so repelled me, the malshaped
head and the broken, unsavoury-looking
teeth; it was indeed the ghost of one of those
diabolical miscreants that stood before me, and,
despite the fact that I was brought up in the strict
Protestant faith, I inadvertently crossed myself.
“The spectre went on without apparently heeding
my action.
“‘It had been,’ so it proclaimed, ‘the principal
and ringleader of the gang, most of whom it had
corrupted, debauched and seduced to that deplorable
method of life, and it was particularly appointed by
Providence to undeceive the world and remove
those doubts which the solemn protestations of
their innocence to the very hour of death had
raised in the minds of all who heard them.’
“At this juncture, excitement overcoming fear and
aversion, I hazarded to inquire of the phantasm its
name.
“Its reply, delivered in the same slow, measured,
almost mechanical tones (as if it were only the
mouth-organ of some other and unseen agency)
was to the effect that its name was John Croxford;
that it had express directions to come to me—directions
it could not disobey; it furthermore explained
the reason the murderers had so persistently insisted on
their innocence, lay in the fact, that, while the blood
of their victim was still warm, they entered into a
sacramental obligation, which they sealed by dipping
their fingers in the blood of the deceased and licking
the same, by which they bound themselves under
the penalty of eternal damnation never to betray the
fact themselves nor to confess, if condemned to die
for it on the evidence of others, and that they were
further encouraged to such measures, since, as Seamark
himself was a confederate in the murder, they
concluded the evidence of his wife would not be
admitted; that as the child was so young, they
presumed no judge or jury would pay the least
regard to his depositions; that as Butlin had but
lately entered into a confederacy with them, and no
robberies could be readily proved against him, they
thought it would appear impossible for one of his
age to begin a career of wickedness with murder
(it being observed in a proverb that no man is
abandoned all at once); that if they could invalidate
the evidence on behalf of Butlin it must be of equal
advantage to them all; that though disappointed of
this view in court and condemned to die upon the
above evidence, they were still infatuated with the
same notion even at the gallows, and expected a
reprieve for Butlin when the halter was about his
neck, and consequently, if such a reprieve had been
granted, as the evidence was as full and decisive
against Butlin as against them, the sentence for the
murder must have been withdrawn from all, their
execution deferred, and perhaps transportation only
their final punishment.”
Though listening to every word with abnormal
attention, I became at the same time aware of a
strange and uncanny feeling that the identity of the
phantasm was but partly revealed to me in the
corpse-like figure opposite; what its true and entire
nature might be I dared not even hazard a conjecture.
In the pause that followed its last speech, more to
hear myself speak than anything else (I could not
endure the silence of THIS THING), I asked if the
evidence of the woman and child was clear, punctual
and particular; to which it replied, “It was as circumstantial,
distinct and methodical as possible;
varying not in the least from truth in any one particular
of consequence, unless in the omission of
their horrid sacrament which she might possibly
neither observe nor know.”
I then asked why they had behaved with such
impropriety, impudence and clamour upon their
trial; to which it replied, “that they had been
somewhat elevated with liquor, privately conveyed
to them, and that by effrontery and a seemingly
undaunted behaviour they hoped to intimidate the
WOMAN, throw her into confusion, perplex her
depositions, thereby rendering the evidence precarious
and inconclusive, or at least give the court
some favourable presumptions of their innocence.”
I next inquired whether they knew the name of
the person murdered, whence he came, and what
reasons they had for committing so horrid a
barbarity.
To which the phantasm answered, “that the man
was a perfect stranger to them all, that the murder
was committed more out of wantonness and the
force of long-contracted habits of wickedness than
necessity, as they were at that time in no want of
money; that they first found occasion to quarrel
with the pedlar through a strange propensity to
mischief for which it could not account but from
God’s withdrawing His grace, and leaving them to
all the extravagance and irregularities of a corrupted
heart, long hardened in the ways of sin; that the
man, being stout and undaunted, resented their ill-usage,
and in his own defence proceeded to blows;
that two only—Deacon and Croxford—were at first
concerned, but finding him resolute, they had called
up Seamark and Butlin, who were at a distance
behind the hedge; that they then all seized the
pedlar, notwithstanding which he struggled with
great violence to the very last against their united
efforts; nor did they think it safe to trifle any longer
with a man who gave such proofs of uncommon
strength; that with much difficulty they dragged
him down to Seamark’s yard and there committed
the murder as represented in court.”
I next asked if there was any licence in his bags
or pockets, that they might discover his name or
place of abode.
It replied, “No! that the paper left behind in its
(Croxford’s) writing was of a piece with the rest of
their conduct in this affair, a hardened untruth,
abounding with reflections as false, as scandalous
and wicked, suggested by the Father of Lies, who
had gradually brought them from one step of
iniquity to another, beginning first in the violation
of morality, to the place of purgatory in which they
now were.”
It further declared (a statement that interested me
greatly), “That though their bodies were unaffected
with pain, their souls were in darkness, under all
the dreadful apprehensions of remaining there for
eternity, far beyond what the liveliest imagination
while influenced by the weight and grossness of
matter, can conceive; that their doom had been not
a little aggravated by their final impenitence, impiety
and profaneness in adjuring God by the most horrid
imprecations to attest the truth of a palpable and
notorious falsehood, and by wishing that their own
portion in Eternity might be determined in consequence
thereof. Language,” the apparition said,
“was too weak to describe and mortality incapable
of conceiving a ten-thousandth part of their anguish
and despair even at present, and happy would it be
for succeeding ages if Posterity could be induced to
profit by their misfortunes and be influenced by
this account to avoid the punishment of the Earthbound.”
All this the phantasm delivered with such increased
distinction and perspicuity, with such an
emphasis and tone of voice, as plainly evinced the
truth of what it spoke and claimed my closest attention
and regard; and as it seemed to hint that I was
singled out to acquaint the world with these particulars
I told it that the present age was one of
incredulity and agnosticism, that few gave credit to
fables of this kind, that the world would conclude
me either a madman or impostor or brand me with
the odious imputations of superstition and enthusiasm,
that, therefore, true credentials would be
necessary, not only to preserve my own character,
but also to procure respect and credit to my relations.
To this the phantasm instantly responded that
what I observed was perfectly right and requisite to
authenticate the truth of this affair, and that unless
some proper attestations were given to accounts of
this nature, they would be considered by the rational
part of mankind as mere tales, invented only to
amuse the credulous or frighten children on a
winter’s evening into temper and obedience; in
short, that they would have no weight, and disappoint
the ends of Providence, who intends them for the
good and benefit of the world; that, therefore, in
order to encourage my perseverance in supporting
the truth of this appearance and embolden me to
publish a minute detail of it, it would direct me to
such a criterion as would put the reality of it beyond
all dispute; and it accordingly told me that in such
a spot, describing it as minutely as possible, in the
parish of Guilsborough, was deposited a gold ring
which belonged to the pedlar whom they murdered,
and moreover in the inside was engraved this
singular motto:
HANGED HE’LL BE WHO STEALS ME, 1745
“That on perusing it,” the apparition continued,
“it (Croxford) had been smitten with grave apprehensions,
and, thinking the words ominous, had
buried the ring, hoping thus to elude the sentence
denounced at random against the unlawful possessor
of it, and even escape the vindictive justice of
Heaven itself by such a precaution; that if I found
not every particular in regard to this ring exactly as
it related it to me, then I might conclude there was
not a single syllable of truth in the whole, and consequently
no obligation lay upon me to take any
further concerns in the affair.”
Engaged in this interesting and all-absorbing
conversation, I suddenly became aware it was very
late—the silence throughout the house for the first
time appalled me, and I was about to make a movement
towards the door to make sure all was safe
without, when the light from the lamp once again
became normal. With a startled glance I looked
for the phantasm—it was gone; nor was there any
other means by which it could have taken its departure
save by dematerialisation.
Bitterly disappointed, my fears being now entirely
removed, at so abrupt a disappearance, I sat down
very calmly, and in the coolest manner canvassed
over the whole matter to myself, reflected seriously on
every particular, and was induced to conclude from
the coherence and punctuality of the account that
it was impossible it should be fiction or imposture.
I laid particular stress upon the circumstance
of the ring, the singularity of its motto, and
the minute description of the spot where it was
deposited.
I considered, moreover, from the tests I had made
by shutting my eyes and pressing the balls with my
forefinger, that I had been perfectly awake, had had
the full use both of my senses and reason, and was
as capable of knowing the figure and voice of a man
as the size and print of the book I was reading at the
time the ghost made its appearance.
In short, firmly persuaded of the truth of what I
had heard and seen, I resolved on the morrow to
search for the ring, and thereby clear it up beyond
all possibility of doubt.
Accordingly on Monday morning early, between
four and five o’clock, I set out alone, making directly
to the spot the phantasm had described; found the
ring without the least difficulty or delay; examined
the motto and date of it, which corresponded exactly
with his account of it, and fully convinced me of my
obligation to communicate to the world the particulars
of the whole.
With this resolution, immediately on my return I
sat down and drew up the whole conversation as
near as I could recollect, neither omitting nor adding
any circumstance of consequence in the manner you
now see it, and trusting it will prove of use to the
public for whose benefit it seems intended.
The original manuscript, to which the author
appends his name, concludes with a very fervid
exhortation to piety, coupled with an equally strong
warning against indulgence in vice and crime.
The story of the ghost, judging by the interest
that is even now (1908) taken in it, must have created
a considerable sensation at the time—so much so
that I think a brief history of the crime—gruesome
though it be—will bear repeating.
Prior to doing so, however, I should like to relate
a ghostly experience that happened to me, Elliott
O’Donnell, in the same neighbourhood, August 1904.
The village of Guilsborough is on an eminence
10 miles N.W. by N. of Northampton, 4 miles from
the source of the Avon at Naseby, 10 miles N.E.
from Daventry, 11 miles from Lutterworth, 10 miles
S.S.W. from Market Harboro’, 12 miles E. from
Rugby, and 76 miles from London.
The adjacent country, consisting of large stretches
of smiling meadows, dales, and table-lands, is very
fair for the eye to dwell upon, and it is only at night,
when the shadows from the many spinneys are cast
upon the gleaming roads and silent tarns, or when
the wind, rustling through the elms and oaks, sound
like the breaking and falling of surf on the seashore—it
is only then that the place presents an entirely
different aspect to the psychic mind and one conjures
up—GHOSTS.
During the period of my early visits to Guilsborough,
the history of the village was unknown to
me, nor did I for one moment associate it with
superphysical manifestations till I was staying at the
hamlet of Creaton, some three miles distant, and had
to tramp home late at night.
I must confess, then, that I was unquestionably
glad to leave the crossroads at the top of Crow Hill
and the lonely turnpike behind and find myself
snugly ensconced within the very material precincts
of the Cricketers’ Arms.
The route I took, led me past the long-disused
burial-ground of some Nonconformist Fraternity, a
spot one never seemed to notice by day, but which
struck me as singularly eerie at night.
On this particular night in question, I did not
leave my friend’s house in Guilsborough till close on
twelve, an hour when all village folk are in bed and
the place is wrapped in the most profound silence.
The sound of my footsteps, as I briskly pounded
down the road, echoed and re-echoed through the
village. I welcomed the sound; it was nice to have
even that for a companion. I am not as a rule
nervous, I have been too much by myself in life to
be an abject coward, yet I must confess I never
anticipated the walk from Guilsborough along the
lonely turnpike-road after nightfall without an
uncomfortable itching in my back.
I was just beginning to get that sensation when I
arrived at the rusty gates of the cemetery, and was
confounded beyond measure on seeing a curious,
grotesque sort of creature climb over the iron bars
and confront me. The moonlight was so powerful
that it left nothing uncovered or concealed.
A frightful terror laid hold of me—what—what in
the NAME OF HEAVEN could it be?
Gazing at it with a fascination as hideous as the
thing itself, I took in every feature—the long, loose
limbs, the thin body, the huge hands and feet, the
little repulsive head, the white fulsome, pig-like face,
and the protruding, sapphire eyes.
For some seconds—to me an eternity—we watched
one another in breathless silence—the Elemental
(for as such I at length recognised it) being the first
to take the initiative. The unfathomable stare in its
eyes gradually deepened into a horrible and very
unmistakable expression of malignant joy in which
all the most undesirable of human vices seemed
blended: its monstrous hands rose like wings on
either side of its head, the fingers twitching convulsively
in greedy anticipation of clutching me; its legs
slowly crouched as if about to spring—and then—just
as the crucial moment arrived and the acme of my
terrors was reached—the spell was broken—the
leaden weights fell from off my feet—my limbs
became endowed with a thousandfold their natural
elasticity—and—turning round—I fled.
So ended my first and only experience with a
Guilsborough ghost. I have taken very good care
since then to give that burial-ground a very wide
berth after nightfall. But now comes the most
extraordinary part of it. I had heard off-and-on that
a certain house in the village (since pulled down) was
supposed to be haunted; that one bedroom in particular
had struck those occupying it as containing an
invisible “presence” both inimical and horrible.
I never, however, associated this mysterious something
with the Elemental I had seen, till, in the
course of a conversation with an old and highly
respected inhabitant of the village a few days since
(August 10, 1908), I learned that he had had a
psychical adventure of a somewhat extraordinary
nature in his boyhood.
Upon pressing him, he told me that he had lived
in the haunted house as a child, and on running
upstairs to his bedroom one morning had seen a
long, thin human form with a tiny head and animal’s
face crouching on the bed and staring at him.
Terrified out of his wits by this unexpected and
startling spectacle, he had remained glued to the
spot for some seconds, until a slight movement on
the part of the Elemental broke the spell, and he
was able to “bolt” precipitately from the apartment:
this was the only time he saw it.
Here then surely was the key to the nature of the
haunting—an Elemental or Poltergeist, assuredly the
same that had appeared to me some fifty years later
at the gate of the old burial-ground.
My informant, by the way, had not heard of my
experience; I had told it to no one: hence this visual
occult manifestation of mine in Guilsborough stands
corroborated.
But why this haunting? Why this form of
apparition?
I dived into the history of Guilsborough, and
discovered that quantities of fossils (trilobites, &c.),
together with implements of flint—i.e., arrow-heads,
javelins, celts (the latter popularly known as
“thunderbolts”) have been and are still found in
various parts of the village and in the gravel-pits
of the adjoining hamlets of Nortorft and Hollowell;
that tumuli yet remain in Guilsborough
Park and in several of the neighbouring fields,
and that numbers of very ancient bones have been
from time to time dug out of the soil in all parts
of the village.
All this is conclusive evidence that Guilsborough
is far older than its average inhabitant of to-day
imagines, that it has been alternately the site of
Palaeolithic and Neolithic settlements, and that all
sorts of barbaric rites and ceremonies have been
conducted on the very ground where houses and
cottages now stand.
Hence it is not very surprising to any one at all
versed in the modus operandi of Phantasms and
Psychic Phenomena to hear that one of the apparitions
(at least) haunting Guilsborough appears in the
form of a sub-human or sub-animal elemental.
Superphysical manifestations of this kind—let me
explain for the benefit of the inexperienced—usually
occur on the sites of or near ancient and unconsecrated
or long-disused burial-places—the whys and
the wherefores of which I hope to dwell upon in
detail in a subsequent volume.
I now append the account of the Croxford Trial
copied (with as few alterations as possible) from
the pamphlet reprinted by Mr. Henson of
Northampton in 1848
At the Assizes held at Northampton on Thursday,
August 2, 1764, came on before the Right Honourable
the Lord Chief Baron Varker the trials of
Benjamin Deacon, John Croxford, and Richard
Butlin for the murder of a travelling pedlar—known
only as Scottie—at a house of ill-fame called
“Catslo”—in the Parish of Guilsborough, kept
by one Thomas Seamark (who was executed at
Northampton on April 23 last for a robbery on the
highway) and had been a receptacle of thieves and
highwaymen for some time.
The chief evidence against them was that of
Anne Seamark, widow of the above Thomas
Seamark. She deposed that sometime between
Michaelmas and Christmas last the said pedlar
(supposed to be one Thomas Corey) came to the
said house where were at that time the said
Seamark, Deacon, Croxford, and Butlin to whom
he offered stockings, &c., for sale, but not agreeing
as to the price, they proposed to murder him and
directly Seamark knocked him down, Butlin fell
upon his legs, Deacon upon his face to prevent him
crying out and Croxford, pulling out a knife, cut
his throat in such a manner that the head was
almost off, but the body stirring a little, Croxford
stabbed him in the head which put an end to his
life.
They then stripped him and carried the clothes
upstairs where Seamark’s three children were in
bed; after which a hole was dug by Seamark in the
close adjoining to the house where they buried the
body; but thinking themselves not safe, they dug
up the body again and cut it into several pieces.
These latter they put into an oven and were three
days and nights trying to consume them; in the
end succeeding only with the flesh and having to
bury the bones which were now produced in court
and held as testimony against them.
Being asked by the judge why she did not reveal
the same before, Mrs. Seamark answered that her
husband threatened to murder her if she mentioned
it to anyone, whilst Croxford holding a knife to her
throat with one hand and having a book in the
other, swore he would instantly kill her if she did
not take an oath to conceal all knowledge of the
matter.
The next witness for the prosecution, Mrs.
Seamark’s little boy of ten years of age, stated that
on being kicked one day at school by a playmate,
he had in a passion cried out that he would serve
him as his daddy served “Scottie,” which statement
being overheard by the schoolmaster, the latter
called him into his presence and demanded an
explanation.
On the witness refusing to comply, he was shut
in a room by himself where he remained till the
arrival of his mother.
In the meantime the Schoolmaster, who like
everyone else in Guilsborough, had only known the
Pedlar by the name of “Scottie,” and like other
folk had wondered at his long absence from the
village, seeing that many people owed him money
and others were in want of goods, began to put two
and two together and had arrived at the conclusion
that the boy knew more than he dare tell, when
Mrs. Seamark entered the house in a state of breathless
alarm to know why her son had not “turned
up” for his dinner. Whereupon the Schoolmaster
had boldly taxed her with a knowledge of Scottie’s
fate which after no little hesitation and a great
many tears she had admitted.
This had led to the present witness confessing,
that chancing to peep through the cracks of the
chamber floor one afternoon, he had seen his father
and some other men trying to burn some hands
and feet in an oven, near to which were a light grey
coat and a cane which he recognised as belonging
to “Scottie” who had been to their house the day
before. On being asked by the Judge if he could
identify the prisoners with the men he had seen
helping his father, he at once answered in the
affirmative.
This concluded his testimony after which several
other witnesses (whose evidence I cannot record
here through lack of space) were then called;
Croxford, Deacon and Butlin protesting their innocence
of the crime laid against them, declaring that
the whole case had been maliciously trumped up by
Mrs. Seamark and her son.
After the evidence on both sides had been
thoroughly examined, the judge summed up, and
the jury after a quarter of an hour’s absence returned
with a verdict of wilful murder; a demonstration
being made by the prisoners against Ann
Seamark as she left the Court.
On Saturday August 4th, the prisoners were carried
from the jail to the place of execution, guarded by
a party of Sir Charles Howard’s Dragoons with
fixed bayonets and muskets loaded with powder
and ball, where they joined fervently in the prayers
with the minister, Croxford delivering a paper to
one of the attendant gaolers, which he desired might
be published for the satisfaction of the world. This
document is too long to quote ad verbum; a brief
summary will suffice. In it John Croxford says that
he is about twenty-three years of age and by trade
a tailor, that he was born at Brixworth of creditable
parents who gave him a liberal education, and that his
character and behaviour were very good until about
January 1760, when he got into bad company, which
had proved his ruin—this much he confessed, but
denied that he had been guilty of murder.
Benjamin Deacon writes that he was born at
Spratton, is about twenty-five years of age, and by
trade a sawyer; that he bore a tolerably good
character until about Christmas last, when he committed
various crimes, but not murder.
Richard Butlin testifies that he was born of respectable
parents at Guilsborough, had a good education,
is about twenty years of age, and by trade a
glover and breeches maker, that he has always borne
a good character and is innocent of murder.
The manuscript goes on to say that they—the
said John Croxford, Benj. Deacon and Richard
Butlin—were to die the next day, being condemned
on the false oath of Ann Seamark, the vilest wretch
that ever appeared in a Court of Justice, and that
there was not one word of truth in her evidence
and that of her boy, it being a hellish and malicious
contrivance of their’s to take away their lives, that
Croxford was never with Butlin until Guilsborough
Feast, which was about the 25th of October, and
never was in the Close with Butlin and Deacon but
once, and that about the 15th of November, and
never in the house with them; and that in their
opinion no murder had been committed.
That they did not doubt but the whole affair
would be brought to light, though too late to be of
any service to them; and that they hoped Ann
Seamark would be rewarded according to her
deserts, that they would die in peace with her and
with all the world, bearing her no malice, only
hoping the great God would make known their
innocence.
The document winds up with these words: “Done
in Northampton Gaol, the night before the execution,
as a caution to all good people. We, the poor
unhappy sufferers, do severally set our hands to
this, it being nothing but Truth,
“John Croxford.
“Benj. Deacon.
“Richard Butlin.”
At the place of execution they behaved with great
fortitude, still denying their knowledge of the
murder, but confessing themselves guilty of many
irregularities. They gave much attention to the
Divine Service, and departed, advising all the spectators
to beware of keeping bad company and declaring
that they died in peace with the world.
After their execution the body of Croxford was
carried to Hollowell Heath, in the parish of Guilsborough,
where it was hanged in chains on a gibbet
erected for that purpose, the bodies of Deacon and
Butlin being delivered to a surgeon to be dissected.
This concludes the history of the Guilsborough
murder, posterity concurring with the verdict of
the jury and agreeing that there were sensible and
useful grounds for the appearance of the Phantasm
of the perjured Croxford to the Chaplain of the
Northampton Jail.