Mechanics of the Household

About this eBook

Author

Keene, E. S. (Edward Spencer), 1864-

Title

Mechanics of the Household A Course of Study Devoted to Domestic Machinery and Household Mechanical Appliances

Credits

E-text prepared by Chris Curnow, Chris Jordan, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team ( www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made available by Internet Archive ( archive.org)

Language

English

LoC Class

TX: Technology: Home economics

Subject

Lighting

Category

Text

Project Gutenberg

eBook-No. 50846

Release Date

January 4, 2016

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.MECHANICS OF THE HOUSEHOLD
2. 2.Untitled
3. 3.Untitled
4. 4.INTRODUCTION
5. 5.CONTENTS
6. 6.CHAPTER I THE STEAM HEATING PLANT — Heat of Vaporization. — Steam Temperatures. — Gage Pressure—Absolute Pressure. — Two-pipe System. — Separate-return System. — Overhead or Drop System. — Water-filled Radiators. — Air Vents. — Automatic Air Vents. — Steam Radiator Valves. — THE HOUSE-HEATING STEAM BOILER — Boiler Trimmings. — The Water Column. — The Steam Gage. — The Safety Valve. — The Draft Regulator. — RULE FOR PROPORTIONING RADIATORS — PROPORTIONING THE SIZE OF MAINS — FORMS OF RADIATORS — Radiator Finishings. — PIPE COVERINGS — Vapor-system Heating.
7. 7.CHAPTER II THE HOT-WATER HEATING PLANT — The Low-pressure Hot-water System. — The High-pressure Hot-water System. — Heating-plant Design. — Overhead System of Hot-water Heating. — Expansion Tanks. — Radiator Connection. — Hot-water Radiators. — Hot-water Radiator Valves. — Air Vents. — Automatic Hot-water Air Vents.
8. 8.CHAPTER III THE HOT-AIR FURNACE — CONSTRUCTION — Furnace-gas Leaks. — Location of the Furnace. — Flues. — Combination Hot-air and Hot-water Heater.
9. 9.CHAPTER IV TEMPERATURE REGULATION — Hand Regulation. — Damper Regulator for Steam Boiler. — Damper Regulators for Hot-water Furnaces. — The Thermostat Motor. — Combined Thermostat and Damper Regulator. — Thermostat-motor Connections.
10. 10.CHAPTER V MANAGEMENT OF HEATING PLANTS — General Advice. — The Economy of Good Draft. — General Firing Rules. — Weather and Time of Day. — Night Firing. — First-day Firing. — Other-day Firing. — Economy and Fuels. — For Burning Soft Coal. — For Burning Coke. — Other Rules for Water Boilers — Air-vent Valves on Radiators. — Valves on Cellar Mains. — End of the Season. — Other Rules for Steam Boilers — To Control Radiators. — The Air Valves. — End of the Season. — THE RIGHT CHIMNEY FLUE — “Smokey” Chimneys.
11. 11.CHAPTER VI PLUMBING — Water Supply. — WATER COCKS — Bibb-cocks. — Self-closing Bibbs. — Lever-handle Bibbs. — Fuller Cocks. — Wash-tray Bibbs. — Basin Cocks. — Pantry Cocks. — Sill Cocks. — Valves. — Kitchen and Laundry Fixtures. — THE BATHROOM — Bath Tubs. — Wash Stands and Lavatories. — Traps. — Back-venting. — Soil Pipe. — Water Closets. — Washdown Closets. — Siphon-jet Closet. — Flush Tanks. — Low-down Flush Tank. — Opening Stopped Pipes. — Sewer Gas. — RANGE BOILERS — The Water-back. — Excessive Pressure. — Blow-off Cock. — Location of Range Boiler. — Double Heater Connections. — Horizontal Range Boilers. — Tank Heaters. — Overheated Water. — Furnace Hot-water Heaters. — Instantaneous Heaters.
12. 12.CHAPTER VII WATER SUPPLY — Water Analysis. — Pokegama Water. — River Water. — Artesian Water. — Medical Water. — Organic Matter. — Ammonia. — Hardness in Water. — Iron in Water. — Water Softening with Hydrated Silicates. — Chlorine. — Polluted Water. — Pollution of Wells. — Safe Distance in the Location of Wells. — Surface Pollution of Wells. — Water Table. — The Devining Rod. — Selection of a Type of Well. — Flowing Wells. — CONSTRUCTION OF WELLS — Dug Wells. — Open Wells. — The Ideal Well. — Coverings of Concrete. — Artesian Wells. — Driven Wells. — Bored Wells. — Cleaning of Wells. — Gases in Wells. — Peculiarities of Wells. — Breathing Well. — Freezing Wells. — PUMPS — The Lift Pump. — The Force Pump. — Tank Pump. — WELL PUMPS — Wooden Pump. — Pumps for Driven Wells. — Deep-well Pumps. — Tubular-well Cylinders. — Chain Pumps. — RAIN-WATER CISTERNS — Filters. — THE HYDRAULIC RAM — Single-acting Hydraulic Ram. — The Double-acting Hydraulic Ram. — DOMESTIC WATER-SUPPLY PLANTS — Gravity Water-supply Plant. — Pressure-tank System of Water Supply. — The Pressure Tank. — Power Water-supply Plants. — Electric Power Water Supply. — Wind-power Water Supply. — The Water Lift.
13. 13.CHAPTER VIII SEWAGE DISPOSAL — The Septic Tank. — The Septic Tank With a Sand-bed Filter. — The Septic Tank and Anaerobic Filter. — Limit of Efficiency.
14. 14.CHAPTER IX COAL — Anthracite or hard coal — Bituminous or soft coal — Oxidation of Hydrocarbons. — Semi-bituminous coal — Graphitic Anthracite. — Cannel Coal. — Lignite. — Peat. — Wood. — Charcoal. — Coke. — Gas-coke, — Briquettes. — Comparative Value of Coal to Other Fuels. — Price of Coal.
15. 15.CHAPTER X ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY — Humidity of the Air. — Relative Humidity. — The Hygrometer. — The Hygrodeik. — Dial Hygrometers. — The Swiss Cottage “Barometer.” — Dew-point. — To Determine the Dew-point. — Frost Prediction. — Prevention of Frost. — Humidifying Apparatus.
16. 16.CHAPTER XI VENTILATION — Quantity of Air Discharged by a Flue. — Cost of Ventilation. — The Wolpert Air Tester. — Pneumatic Temperature Regulation. — Mechanical Ventilation. — The Plenum Method. — Ventilation Apparatus. — Air Conditioning. — Humidifying Plants. — Vaporization as a Cooling Agent. — Air-cooling Plants. — Humidity Control.
17. 17.CHAPTER XII GASEOUS AND LIQUID FUELS — Gaseous and Liquid Fuels. — Coal Gas. — All-oil Water Gas. — Pintsch Gas. — Blau Gas. — Water Gas. — Measurement of Gas. — Gas Meters. — HOW TO READ THE INDEX — Prepayment Meters. — Gas-service Rules. — Gas Ranges. — Lighting and Heating with Gasoline. — Gasoline — “Kerosene. — LIGHTING AND HEATING WITH GASOLINE — THE COLD-PROCESS GAS MACHINE — THE HOLLOW-WIRE SYSTEM OF GASOLINE LIGHTING AND HEATING — Mantle Gas Lamps. — Open-flame Gas Burners. — The Inverted-mantle Gasoline Lamp. — Portable Gasoline Lamps. — Central-generator Plants. — Central-generator Gas Lamps. — Boulevard Lamps. — Burners for gasoline stoves — Gasoline Sad Irons. — Alcohol Sad Irons. — Alcohol Table Stoves. — Danger from Gaseous and Liquid Fuels. — ACETYLENE-GAS MACHINES — Types of Acetylene Generators. — Gas Lighters. — Acetylene Stoves.
18. 18.CHAPTER XIII ELECTRICITY — Incandescent Electric Lamps. — The Mazda Lamp. — Candlepower. — Lamp Labels. — Illumination. — The Foot-candle. — The Lumen. — Reflectors. — Choice of Reflector. — Lamp Transformers. — Units of Electrical Measurement. — Miniature Lamps. — Effect of Voltage Variations. — Turn-down Electric Lamps. — The Dim-a-lite. — Gas-filled Lamps. — Daylight Lamps. — Miniature Tungsten Lamps. — Flash Lights. — The Electric Flat-iron. — The Electric Toaster. — Motors. — Fuse Plugs. — Electric Heaters. — Intercommunicating Telephones. — Electric Signals. — Buzzers. — Burglar Alarms. — Annunciators. — Table Pushes. — Bell-ringing Transformers. — The Recording Wattmeter. — To Read the Meter. — EXAMPLES OF METER READINGS — State Regulation of Meter Service. — PERIODIC TESTS — Electric Batteries. — Battery Formation. — Battery Testers. — Electric Conductors. — Lamp Cord. — Portable Cord. — Annunciator Wire. — Private Electric Generating Plants. — Storage Batteries. — The Pilot Cell. — National Electrical Code. — Electric Light Wiring. — Outlet Boxes. — Automatic Door Switch. — Plug Receptacles. — Heater Switch, Pilot and Receptacle. — Service Switch. — Local Switches. — Pilot Lights. — Wall and Ceiling Sockets. — Drop Lights.
19. 19.INDEX — Transcriber's Note

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