Curiosities of Science

About this eBook

Author

Timbs, John, 1801-1875

Title

Curiosities of Science, Past and Present A Book for Old and Young

Credits

Produced by Chris Curnow, Charlie Howard, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)

Language

English

LoC Class

Q: Science

Subject

Science

Category

Text

eBook-No.

48516

Project Gutenberg

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/48516

Release Date

March 17, 2015

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.CURIOSITIES OF SCIENCE, Past and Present. A BOOK FOR OLD AND YOUNG.
2. 2.Untitled
3. 3.CONTENTS.
4. 4.The Frontispiece. — THE GREAT ROSSE TELESCOPE.
5. 5.The Vignette. — SIR HUMPHRY DAVY’S OWN MODEL OF HIS SAFETY-LAMP.
6. 6.CURIOSITIES OF SCIENCE. — Introductory. — SCIENCE OF THE ANCIENT WORLD. — SCIENCE AT OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE. — PLATO’S SURVEY OF THE SCIENCES. — FOLLY OF ATHEISM. — THE ART OF OBSERVATION. — MUTUAL RELATIONS OF PHENOMENA. — PRACTICAL RESULTS OF THEORETICAL SCIENCE. — PERPETUITY OF IMPROVEMENT. — THE EARLIEST ENGLISH SCIENTIFIC TREATISE. — PHILOSOPHERS’ FALSE ESTIMATES OF THEIR OWN LABOURS. — RELICS OF GENIUS. — THE ROYAL SOCIETY: THE NATURAL AND SUPERNATURAL. — THE PHILOSOPHER BOYLE. — SIR ISAAC NEWTON’S ROOMS AND LABORATORY IN TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. — NEWTON’S “APPLE-TREE.” — NEWTON’S “PRINCIPIA.” — DESCARTES’ LABOURS IN PHYSICS. — CONIC SECTIONS. — POWER OF COMPUTATION. — “THE SCIENCE OF THE COSMOS.”
7. 7.Physical Phenomena. — ALL THE WORLD IN MOTION. — THE AXIS OF ROTATION. — THE EARTH’S ANNUAL MOTION. — STABILITY OF THE OCEAN. — COMPRESSION OF BODIES. — THE WORLD IN A NUTSHELL. — THE WORLD OF ATOMS. — MINUTE ATOMS OF THE ELEMENTS: DIVISIBILITY OF MATTER. — WEIGHT OF AIR. — DURATION OF THE PYRAMID. — INERTIA ILLUSTRATED. — THE LEANING TOWER OF PISA. 7 — EARLY PRESENTIMENTS OF CENTRIFUGAL FORCES. — HEIGHT OF FALLS. — RATE OF THE FALL OF BODIES. — VARIETIES OF SPEED. — LIFTING HEAVY PERSONS. — “FORCE CAN NEITHER BE CREATED NOR DESTROYED.” — NOTHING LOST IN THE MATERIAL WORLD. — TIME AN ELEMENT OF FORCE. — CALCULATION OF HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES. — SAND IN THE HOUR-GLASS. — FIGURE OF THE EARTH. — HOW TO ASCERTAIN THE EARTH’S MAGNITUDE. — MASS AND DENSITY OF THE EARTH. — THE EARTH AND MAN COMPARED. — MEAN TEMPERATURE OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE. — TEMPERATURE OF THE EARTH STATIONARY. — THEORY OF CRYSTALLISATION. — IMMENSE CRYSTALS. — VISIBLE CRYSTALLISATION. — UNION OF MINERALOGY AND GEOMETRY. — REPRODUCTIVE CRYSTALLISATION. — GLASS BROKEN BY SAND.
8. 8.Sound and Light. — SOUNDING SAND. — INTENSITY OF SOUND IN RAREFIED AIR. — DISTANCE AT WHICH THE HUMAN VOICE MAY BE HEARD. — THE ROAR OF NIAGARA. — FIGURES PRODUCED BY SOUND. — THE TUNING-FORK A FLUTE-PLAYER. — THEORY OF THE JEW’S HARP. — SOLAR AND ARTIFICIAL LIGHT COMPARED. — SOURCE OF LIGHT. — THE UNDULATORY SCALE OF LIGHT. — VISIBILITY OF OBJECTS. — THE SMALLEST BRIGHT BODIES. — VELOCITY OF LIGHT. — APPARATUS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT. — HOW FIZEAU MEASURED THE VELOCITY OF LIGHT. — WHAT IS DONE BY POLARISATION OF LIGHT. — MINUTENESS OF LIGHT. — THE IMPORTANCE OF LIGHT. — ACTION OF LIGHT ON MUSCULAR FIBRES. — LIGHT NIGHTS. — PHOSPHORESCENCE OF PLANTS. — PHOSPHORESCENCE OF THE SEA. — LIGHT FROM THE JUICE OF A PLANT. — LIGHT FROM FUNGUS. — LIGHT FROM BUTTONS. — COLOURS OF SCRATCHES. — MAGIC BUST. — COLOURS HIT MOST FREQUENTLY DURING BATTLE. — TRANSMUTATION OF TOPAZ. — COLOURS AND TINTS. — OBJECTS REALLY OF NO COLOUR. — THE DIORAMA—WHY SO PERFECT AN ILLUSION. — CURIOUS OPTICAL EFFECTS AT THE CAPE. — THE TELESCOPE AND THE MICROSCOPE. — INVENTION OF THE MICROSCOPE. — HOW TO MAKE THE FISH-EYE MICROSCOPE. — LEUWENHOECK’S MICROSCOPES. — DIAMOND LENSES FOR MICROSCOPES. — THE EYE AND THE BRAIN SEEN THROUGH A MICROSCOPE. — MICROSCOPICAL EXAMINATION OF THE HAIR. — THE MICROSCOPE AND THE SEA. — USE OF THE MICROSCOPE TO MINERALOGISTS. — FINE DOWN OF QUARTZ. — MICROSCOPIC WRITING. — HOW TO MAKE A MAGIC MIRROR. — SIR DAVID BREWSTER’S KALEIDOSCOPE. — THE KALEIDOSCOPE THOUGHT TO BE ANTICIPATED. — MAGIC OF PHOTOGRAPHY. — THE BEST SKY FOR PHOTOGRAPHY. — PHOTOGRAPHIC EFFECTS OF LIGHTNING. — PHOTOGRAPHIC SURVEYING. — THE STEREOSCOPE AND THE PHOTOGRAPH. — THE STEREOSCOPE SIMPLIFIED. — PHOTO-GALVANIC ENGRAVING. — SCIENCE OF THE SOAP-BUBBLE. — LIGHT FROM QUARTZ. — CAN THE CAT SEE IN THE DARK?
9. 9.Astronomy. — THE GREAT TRUTHS OF ASTRONOMY. — ASTRONOMY AND DATES ON MONUMENTS. — “THE CRYSTAL VAULT OF HEAVEN.” — MUSIC OF THE SPHERES. — “MORE WORLDS THAN ONE.” — WORLDS TO COME—ABODES OF THE BLEST. — “GAUGING THE HEAVENS.” — VELOCITY OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM. — NATURE OF THE SUN. — STRUCTURE OF THE LUMINOUS DISC OF THE SUN. — GREAT SIZE OF THE SUN ON THE HORIZON EXPLAINED. — TRANSLATORY MOTION OF THE SUN. — THE SUN’S LIGHT COMPARED WITH TERRESTRIAL LIGHTS. — ACTINIC POWER OF THE SUN. — HEATING POWER OF THE SUN. — CAUSE OF DARK COLOUR OF THE SKIN. — EXTREME SOLAR HEAT. — HOW DR. WOLLASTON COMPARED THE LIGHT OF THE SUN AND THE FIXED STARS. — “THE SUN DARKENED.” — THE SUN AND TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. — IS THE HEAT OF THE SUN DECREASING? — UNIVERSAL SUN-DIAL. — LENGTH OF DAYS AT THE POLES. — HOW THE DISTANCE OF THE SUN IS ASCERTAINED BY THE YARD-MEASURE. — HOW THE TIDES ARE PRODUCED BY THE SUN AND MOON. — SPOTS ON THE SUN. — HAS THE MOON AN ATMOSPHERE? — LIGHT OF THE MOON. — HEAT OF MOONLIGHT. — SCENERY OF THE MOON. — LIFE IN THE MOON. — THE MOON SEEN THROUGH LORD ROSSE’S TELESCOPE. — MOUNTAINS IN THE MOON. — THE MOON AND THE WEATHER. — THE MOON’S ATTRACTION. — MEASURING THE EARTH BY THE MOON. — CAUSE OF ECLIPSES. — VAST NUMBERS IN THE UNIVERSE. — FOR WHAT PURPOSE WERE THE STARS CREATED? — NUMBER OF STARS. — STARS THAT HAVE DISAPPEARED. — THE POLE-STAR FOUR THOUSAND YEARS AGO. — THE PLEIADES. — CHANGE OF COLOUR IN THE STARS. — DISTANCE OF THE NEAREST FIXED STAR FROM THE EARTH. — LIGHT OF A STAR SIXTEENFOLD THAT OF THE SUN. — DIVERSITIES OF THE PLANETS. — GRAND RESULTS OF THE DISCOVERY OF JUPITER’S SATELLITES. — WAS SATURN’S RING KNOWN TO THE ANCIENTS? — TEMPERATURE OF THE PLANET MERCURY. — SPECULATIONS ON VESTA AND PALLAS. — IS THE PLANET MARS INHABITED? — DISCOVERY OF THE PLANET NEPTUNE. — MAGNITUDE OF COMETS. — COMETS VISIBLE IN SUNSHINE—THE GREAT COMET OF 1843. — THE MILKY WAY UNFATHOMABLE. — DISTANCES OF NEBULÆ. — INFINITE SPACE. — ORIGIN OF OUR PLANETARY SYSTEM. THE NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS. 22 — ORIGIN OF HEAT IN OUR SYSTEM. — AN ASTRONOMER’S DREAM VERIFIED. — FIRE-BALLS AND SHOOTING STARS. — THEORY AND EXPERIENCE. — METEORITES FROM THE MOON. — VAST SHOWER OF METEORS. — IMMENSE METEORITE. — NO FOSSIL METEORIC STONES. — THE END OF OUR SYSTEM. — BENEFITS OF GLASS TO MAN. — THE GALILEAN TELESCOPE. — WHAT GALILEO FIRST SAW WITH HIS TELESCOPE. — ANTIQUITY OF TELESCOPES. — NEWTON’S FIRST REFLECTING TELESCOPE. — SIR WILLIAM HERSCHEL’S GREAT TELESCOPE AT SLOUGH. — THE EARL OF ROSSE’S GREAT REFLECTING TELESCOPE. — GIGANTIC TELESCOPES PROPOSED. — LATE INVENTION OF OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS. — A TRIAD OF CONTEMPORARY ASTRONOMERS. — A PEASANT ASTRONOMER. — SHIRBURN-CASTLE OBSERVATORY. — LACAILLE’S OBSERVATORY. — NICETY REQUIRED IN ASTRONOMICAL CALCULATIONS. — CAN STARS BE SEEN BY DAYLIGHT? — LOST HEAT OF THE SUN. — THE LONDON MONUMENT USED AS AN OBSERVATORY.
10. 10.Geology and Paleontology. — IDENTITY OF ASTRONOMY AND GEOLOGY. — THE GEOLOGY OF ENGLAND — PROBABLE ORIGIN OF THE ENGLISH CHANNEL. — HOW BOULDERS ARE TRANSPORTED TO GREAT HEIGHTS. — WHY SEA-SHELLS ARE FOUND AT GREAT HEIGHTS. — SAND OF THE SEA AND DESERT. — PEBBLES. — ELEVATION OF MOUNTAIN-CHAINS. — THE CHALK FORMATION. — WEAR OF BUILDING-STONES. — PHENOMENA OF GLACIERS ILLUSTRATED. — ANTIQUITY OF GLACIERS. — FLOW OF THE MER DE GLACE. — THE ALLUVIAL LAND OF EGYPT: ANCIENT POTTERY. — SUCCESSIVE CHANGES OF THE TEMPLE OF SERAPIS. — THE GROTTO DEL CANE. — THE WATERS OF THE GLOBE GRADUALLY DECREASING. — THE SALT LAKE OF UTAH. — FORCE OF RUNNING WATER. — THE ARTESIAN WELL OF GRENELLE AT PARIS. — HOW THE GULF-STREAM REGULATES THE TEMPERATURE OF LONDON. — SOLVENT ACTION OF COMMON SALT AT HIGH TEMPERATURES. — FREEZING CAVERN IN RUSSIA. — INTERIOR TEMPERATURE OF THE EARTH: CENTRAL HEAT. — DISAPPEARANCE OF VOLCANIC ISLANDS. — PERPETUAL FIRE. — ARTESIAN FIRE-SPRINGS IN CHINA. — VOLCANIC ACTION THE GREAT AGENT OF GEOLOGICAL CHANGE. — THE SNOW-CAPPED VOLCANO. — TRAVELS OF VOLCANIC DUST. — GREAT ERUPTIONS OF VESUVIUS. — EARTH-WAVES. — RUMBLINGS OF EARTHQUAKES. — HOW TO MEASURE AN EARTHQUAKE-SHOCK. — EARTHQUAKES AND THE MOON. — THE GREAT EARTHQUAKE OF LISBON. — GEOLOGICAL AGE OF THE DIAMOND. — WHAT WAS ADAMANT? — WHAT IS COAL? — TORBANE-HILL COAL. — HOW MALACHITE IS FORMED. — LUMPS OF GOLD IN SIBERIA. — SIR ISAAC NEWTON UPON BURNET’S THEORY OF THE EARTH. — “THE FATHER OF ENGLISH GEOLOGY.” — DR. BUCKLAND’s GEOLOGICAL LABOURS. — DISCOVERIES OF M. AGASSIZ. 34 — SUCCESSION OF LIFE IN TIME. — PRIMITIVE DIVERSITY AND NUMBERS OF ANIMALS IN GEOLOGICAL TIMES. — ENGLAND IN THE EOCENE PERIOD. — FOOD OF THE IGUANODON. — THE PTERODACTYL—THE FLYING DRAGON. — MAMMALIA IN SECONDARY ROCKS. — FOSSIL HUMAN BONES. — THE MOST ANCIENT FISHES. — EXTINCT CARNIVOROUS ANIMALS OF BRITAIN. — THE GREAT CAVE TIGER OR LION OF BRITAIN. — THE MAMMOTHS OF THE BRITISH ISLES. — THE RHINOCEROS AND HIPPOPOTAMUS OF ENGLAND. — THE ELEPHANT AND TORTOISE. — COEXISTENCE OF MAN AND THE MASTODON. — HABITS OF THE MEGATHERIUM. — THE DINOTHERIUM, OR TERRIBLE BEAST. — THE GLYPTODON. — INMATES OF AN AUSTRALIAN CAVERN. — THE POUCH-LION OF AUSTRALIA. — THE CONEY OF SCRIPTURE. — A THREE-HOOFED HORSE. — TWO MONSTER CARNIVORES OF FRANCE. — GEOLOGY OF THE SHEEP. — THE TRILOBITE. — PROFITABLE SCIENCE. — EXTINCT GIGANTIC BIRDS OF NEW ZEALAND. — “THE MAESTRICHT SAURIAN FOSSIL” A FRAUD. — “THE OLDEST PIECE OF WOOD UPON EARTH.” — NO FOSSIL ROSE. — CHANGES ON THE EARTH’S SURFACE. — GEOLOGICAL TIME. — CURIOUS CAUSE OF CHANGE OF LEVEL. — THE OUTLINES OF CONTINENTS NOT FIXED.
11. 11.Meteorological Phenomena. — THE ATMOSPHERE. — UNIVERSALITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE. — THE HEIGHT OF THE ATMOSPHERE. — COLOURS OF THE ATMOSPHERE. — BEAUTY OF TWILIGHT. — HOW PASCAL WEIGHED THE ATMOSPHERE. — VARIATIONS OF CLIMATE. — AVERAGE CLIMATES. — THE FINEST CLIMATE IN THE WORLD. — THE PUREST ATMOSPHERES. — SEA-BREEZES AND LAND-BREEZES ILLUSTRATED. — SUPERIOR SALUBRITY OF THE WEST. — FERTILISATION OF CLOUDS. — BAROMETRIC MEASUREMENT. — GIGANTIC BAROMETER. — THE ATMOSPHERE COMPARED TO A STEAM-ENGINE. — HOW DOES THE RAIN-MAKING VAPOUR GET FROM THE SOUTHERN INTO THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE? — THE PHILOSOPHY OF RAIN. — INORDINATE RAINY CLIMATE. — HOW DOES THE NORTH WIND DRIVE AWAY RAIN? — SIZE OF RAIN-DROPS. — RAINLESS DISTRICTS. — ALL THE RAIN IN THE WORLD. — AN INCH OF RAIN ON THE ATLANTIC. — THE EQUATORIAL CLOUD-RING. — “THE EQUATORIAL DOLDRUMS” — BEAUTY OF THE DEW-DROP. — FALL OF DEW IN ONE YEAR. — GRADUATED SUPPLY OF DEW TO VEGETATION. — WARMTH OF SNOW IN ARCTIC LATITUDES. — IMPURITY OF SNOW. — SNOW PHENOMENON. — ABSENCE OF SNOW IN SIBERIA. — ACCURACY OF THE CHINESE AS OBSERVERS. — PROTECTION AGAINST HAIL AND STORMS. — TERRIFIC HAILSTORM. — HOW WATERSPOUTS ARE FORMED IN THE JAVA SEA. — COLD IN HUDSON’S BAY. — PURITY OF WENHAM-LAKE ICE. — ARCTIC TEMPERATURES. — DR. RAE’S ARCTIC EXPLORATIONS. — PHENOMENA OF THE ARCTIC CLIMATE. — INTENSE HEAT AND COLD OF THE DESERT. — TRANSPORTING POWER OF WINDS. — EXHILARATION IN ASCENDING MOUNTAINS. — TO TELL THE APPROACH OF STORMS. — REVOLVING STORMS. — IMPETUS OF A STORM. — HOW TO MAKE A STORM-GLASS. — SPLENDOUR OF THE AURORA BOREALIS. — VARIETIES OF LIGHTNING. — WHAT IS SHEET-LIGHTNING? — PRODUCTION OF LIGHTNING BY RAIN. — SERVICE OF LIGHTNING-CONDUCTORS. — ANCIENT LIGHTNING-CONDUCTOR. — THE TEMPLE OF JERUSALEM PROTECTED FROM LIGHTNING. — HOW ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL IS PROTECTED FROM LIGHTNING. — VARIOUS EFFECTS OF LIGHTNING. — A THUNDERSTORM SEEN FROM A BALLOON. — REMARKABLE AERONAUTIC VOYAGE.
12. 12.Physical Geography of the Sea. 40 — CLIMATES OF THE SEA. — THE CIRCULATION OF THE SEA. — TEMPERATURE OF THE SEA. — TRANSPARENCY OF THE OCEAN. — THE BASIN OF THE ATLANTIC. — GALES OF THE ATLANTIC. — SOLITUDE AT SEA. — BOTTLES AND CURRENTS AT SEA. — “THE HORSE LATITUDES” — “WHITE WATER” AND LUMINOUS ANIMALS AT SEA. — INVENTION OF THE LOG. — LIFE OF THE SEA-DEEPS. — DEPTHS OF OCEAN AND AIR UNKNOWN. — GREATEST ASCERTAINED DEPTH OF THE SEA. — RELATIVE LEVELS OF THE RED SEA AND MEDITERRANEAN. — THE DEPTH OF THE MEDITERRANEAN. — COLOUR OF THE RED SEA. — WHAT IS SEA-MILK? — THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA A BURIAL-PLACE. — WHY IS THE SEA SALT? — HOW TO ASCERTAIN THE SALTNESS OF THE SEA. — ALL THE SALT IN THE SEA. — PROPERTIES OF SEA-WATER. — SCENERY AND LIFE OF THE ARCTIC REGIONS. — ICEBERG OF THE POLAR SEAS. — IMMENSITY OF POLAR ICE. — OPEN SEA AT THE POLE. — RIVER-WATER ON THE OCEAN. — THE THAMES AND ITS SALT-WATER BED. — FRESH SPRINGS IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OCEAN. — “THE BLACK WATERS.” — GREAT CATARACT IN INDIA. — CAUSE OF WAVES. — RATE AT WHICH WAVES TRAVEL. — OCEAN-HIGHWAYS: HOW SEA-ROUTES HAVE BEEN SHORTENED. — ERROR UPON ERROR.
13. 13.Phenomena of Heat. — THE LENGTH OF THE DAY AND THE HEAT OF THE EARTH. — NICE MEASUREMENT OF HEAT. — EXPENDITURE OF HEAT BY THE SUN. — DISTINCTIONS OF HEAT. — LATENT HEAT. — HEAT AND EVAPORATION. — HEAT AND MECHANICAL POWER. — HEAT OF MINES. — VIBRATION OF HEATED METALS. — EXPANSION OF SPIRITS. — HEAT PASSING THROUGH GLASS. — HEAT FROM GAS-LIGHTING. — HEAT BY FRICTION. — HEAT BY FRICTION FROM ICE. — WARMING WITH ICE. — REPULSION BY HEAT. — PROTECTION FROM INTENSE HEAT.
14. 14.Magnetism and Electricity. — MAGNETIC HYPOTHESES. — THE CHINESE AND THE MAGNETIC NEEDLE. — KIRCHER’S “MAGNETISM.” — MINUTE MEASUREMENT OF TIME. — POWER OF A MAGNET. — HOW ARTIFICIAL MAGNETS ARE MADE. — POWER OF THE SUN’S RAYS IN INCREASING THE STRENGTH OF MAGNETS. — COLOUR OF A BODY AND ITS MAGNETIC PROPERTIES. — THE ONION AND MAGNETISM. — DECLINATION OF THE NEEDLE—THE EARTH A MAGNET. — THE AURORA BOREALIS. — EFFECT OF LIGHT ON THE MAGNET. — MAGNETO-ELECTRICITY. — ELECTRO-MAGNETS OF THE HORSE-SHOE FORM — ROTATION-MAGNETISM. — INFLUENCE OF PENDULUMS ON EACH OTHER. — WEIGHT OF THE EARTH ASCERTAINED BY THE PENDULUM. — ORIGIN OF TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM. — THE NORTH AND SOUTH MAGNETIC POLES. — MAGNETIC STORMS. — FAMILIAR GALVANIC EFFECTS. — THE SIAMESE TWINS GALVANISED. — MINUTE AND VAST BATTERIES. — ELECTRIC INCANDESCENCE OF CHARCOAL POINTS. — VOLTAIC ELECTRICITY. — THE VOLTAIC BATTERY AND THE GYMNOTUS. — VOLTAIC CURRENTS IN MINES. — GERMS OF ELECTRIC KNOWLEDGE. — TEMPERATURE AND ELECTRICITY. — VAST ARRANGEMENT OF ELECTRICITY. — DECOMPOSITION OF WATER BY ELECTRICITY. — ELECTRICITY IN BREWING. — ELECTRIC PAPER. — DURATION OF THE ELECTRIC SPARK. — VELOCITY OF ELECTRIC LIGHT. — IDENTITY OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC ATTRACTION. — THEORY OF THE ELECTRO-MAGNETIC ENGINE. — MAGNETIC CLOCK AND WATCH. — WHEATSTONE’S ELECTRO-MAGNETIC CLOCK. — HOW TO MAKE A COMMON CLOCK ELECTRIC. — DR. FRANKLIN’S ELECTRICAL KITE. — FATAL EXPERIMENT WITH LIGHTNING. — FARADAY’S ELECTRICAL ILLUSTRATIONS. — ORIGIN OF THE LEYDEN JAR. — DANGER TO GUNPOWDER MAGAZINES. — ARTIFICIAL CRYSTALS AND MINERALS.—“THE CROSSE MITE.”
15. 15.The Electric Telegraph. — ANTICIPATIONS OF THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. — ELECTRIC GIRDLE FOR THE EARTH. — CONSUMPTION OF THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. — TIME LOST IN ELECTRIC MESSAGES. — THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH IN ASTRONOMY AND THE DETERMINATION OF LONGITUDE. — NON-INTERFERENCE OF GALVANIC WAVES ON THE SAME WIRE. — EFFECT OF LIGHTNING UPON THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. — ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHIC MESSAGE TO THE STARS. — THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.
16. 16.Miscellanea. — HOW MARINE CHRONOMETERS ARE RATED AT THE ROYAL OBSERVATORY, GREENWICH. — GEOMETRY OF SHELLS. — HYDRAULIC THEORY OF SHELLS. — SERVICES OF SEA-SHELLS AND ANIMALCULES. — DEPTH OF THE PRIMEVAL SEAS. — NATURAL WATER-PURIFIERS. — HOW TO IMITATE SEA-WATER. — VELOCITY OF IMPRESSIONS TRANSMITTED TO THE BRAIN. — PHOTOGRAPHS ON THE RETINA. — DIRECT EXPLORATION OF THE INTERIOR OF THE EYE. — NATURE OF THE CANDLE-FLAME. — HOW SOON A CORPSE DECAYS. — MUSKET-BALLS FOUND IN IVORY. — NATURE OF THE SUN. — PLANETOIDS. — THE COMET OF DONATI.
17. 17.FOOTNOTES:
18. 18.GENERAL INDEX
19. 19.Transcriber’s Notes

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