Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear and Rage

About this eBook

Author

Cannon, Walter B. (Walter Bradford), 1871-1945

Title

Bodily changes in pain, hunger, fear, and rage : an account of recent researches into the function of emotional excitement

Original Publication

New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1915.

Credits

Peter Becker, Neil Mercer and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)

Language

English

LoC Class

QP: Science: Physiology

Subject

Mind and body

Category

Text

Project Gutenberg

eBook-No. 73932

Release Date

June 28, 2024

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.BODILY CHANGES IN PAIN, HUNGER, FEAR AND RAGE
2. 2.PREFACE
3. 3.CONTENTS
4. 4.LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
5. 5.CHAPTER I — Emotions Favorable to Normal Secretion of the Digestive Juices — Emotions Unfavorable to the Normal Secretion of the Digestive Juices — Emotions Favorable and Unfavorable to the Contractions of the Stomach and Intestines — The Disturbing Effect of Pain on Digestion — REFERENCES
6. 6.CHAPTER II — The Outlying Neurones — The Three Divisions of the Outlying Neurones — The Extensive Distribution of Neurones of the “Sympathetic” Division and Their Arrangement for Diffuse Action — The Arrangement of Neurones of the Cranial and Sacral Divisions for Specific Action — The Cranial Division a Conserver of Bodily Resources — The Sacral Division a Group of Mechanisms for Emptying — The Sympathetic Division Antagonistic To Both The Cranial and the Sacral — Neurones of the Sympathetic Division and Adrenal Secretion Have the Same Action — REFERENCES
7. 7.CHAPTER III — The Evidence that Splanchnic Stimulation Induces Adrenal Secretion — The Question of Adrenal Secretion in Emotional Excitement — The Method of Securing Blood from Near the Adrenal Veins — The Method of Testing the Blood for Adrenin — REFERENCES
8. 8.CHAPTER IV — The Evidence that Adrenal Secretion Is Increased in Emotional Excitement — The Evidence that Adrenal Secretion is Increased by “Painful” Stimulation — Confirmation of Our Results by Other Observers — REFERENCES
9. 9.CHAPTER V — Glycosuria From Pain — Emotional Glycosuria — The Rôle of the Adrenal Glands in Emotional Glycosuria — REFERENCES
10. 10.CHAPTER VI — The Nerve-muscle Preparation — The Splanchnic Preparation — The Effects of Splanchnic Stimulation on the Contraction of Fatigued Muscle — The First Rise in the Muscle Record — The Prolonged Rise in the Muscle Record — The Two Factors: Arterial Pressure and Adrenal Secretion — REFERENCES
11. 11.CHAPTER VII — The Effect of Increasing Arterial Pressure — The Effect of Decreasing Arterial Pressure — An Explanation of the Effects of Varying the Arterial Pressure — The Value of Increased Arterial Pressure in Pain and Strong Emotion — REFERENCES
12. 12.CHAPTER VIII — Variations of the Threshold Stimulus as a Measure of Irritability — The Method of Determining the Threshold Stimulus — The Lessening of Neuro-muscular Irritability by Fatigue — The Slow Restoration of Fatigued Muscle to Normal Irritability by Rest — The Quick Restoration of Fatigued Muscle to Normal Irritability by Adrenin — The Evidence that the Restorative Action of Adrenin is Specific — The Point of Action of Adrenin in Muscle — REFERENCES
13. 13.CHAPTER IX — The Graphic Method of Measuring the Coagulation Time — The Effects of Subcutaneous Injections of Adrenin — The Effects of Intravenous Injections — The Hastening of Coagulation by Adrenin Not a Direct Effect on the Blood — REFERENCES
14. 14.CHAPTER X — Coagulation Hastened by Splanchnic Stimulation — Coagulation Not Hastened by Splanchnic Stimulation if the Adrenal Glands are Absent — Coagulation Hastened by “Painful” Stimulation — Coagulation Hastened in Emotional Excitement — REFERENCES
15. 15.CHAPTER XI — The Reflex Nature of Bodily Responses in Pain and the Major Emotions, and the Useful Character of Reflexes — The Utility of the Increased Blood Sugar as a Source of Muscular Energy — The Utility of Increased Adrenin in the Blood as an Antidote to the Effects of Fatigue — The Question Whether Adrenin Normally Secreted Inhibits the Use of Sugar in the Body — The Vascular Changes Produced by Adrenin Favorable to Supreme Muscular Exertion — The Changes in Respiratory Function Also Favorable to Great Effort — Effects Produced in Asphyxia Similar to Those Produced in Pain and Excitement — The Utility of Rapid Coagulation in Preventing Loss of Blood — REFERENCES
16. 16.CHAPTER XII — “Reservoirs of Power” — The Excitements and Energies of Competitive Sports — Frenzy and Endurance in Ceremonial and Other Dances — The Fierce Emotions and Struggles of Battle — The Stimulating Influence of Witnesses and of Music — The Feeling of Power — REFERENCES
17. 17.CHAPTER XIII — Appetite and Hunger — The Sensation of Hunger — The Theory That Hunger is a General Sensation — Weakness of the Assumptions Underlying the Theory That Hunger is a General Sensation — Body Need May Exist Without Hunger — The Theory That Hunger is of General Origin Does Not Explain the Quick Onset and the Periodicity of the Sensation — The Theory That Hunger is of General Origin Does Not Explain the Local Reference — Hunger Not Due To Emptiness of the Stomach — Hunger Not Due to Hydrochloric Acid in the Empty Stomach — Hunger Not Due to Turgescence of the Gastric Mucous Membrane — Hunger the Result of Contractions — The Empty Stomach and Intestine Contract — Observations Suggesting that Contractions Cause Hunger — The Concomitance of Contractions and Hunger in Man — REFERENCES
18. 18.CHAPTER XIV — Antagonism Between Emotions Expressed in the Sympathetic and in the Cranial Divisions of the Autonomic System — Antagonism Between Emotions Expressed in the Sympathetic and in the Sacral Divisions of the Autonomic System — The Function of Hunger — The Similarity of Visceral Effects in Different Strong Emotions and Suggestions as to its Psychological Significance — REFERENCES
19. 19.CHAPTER XV — Support for the Militarist Estimate of the Strength of the Fighting Emotions and Instincts — Growing Opposition to the Fighting Emotions and Instincts as Displayed in War — The Desirability of Preserving the Martial Virtues — Moral Substitutes for Warfare — Physical Substitutes for Warfare — The Significance of International Athletic Competitions — REFERENCES
20. 20.A LIST OF PUBLISHED RESEARCHES FROM THE PHYSIOLOGICAL LABORATORY IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY, ON WHICH THE PRESENT ACCOUNT IS BASED.
21. 21.INDEX
22. 22.Transcriber's Notes

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