A practical course in botany

About this eBook

Author

Andrews, Eliza Frances, 1840-1931

Title

A practical course in botany : with especial reference to its bearings on agriculture, economics, and sanitation

Original Publication

New York: American Book Company, 1911.

Credits

Branka P, Terry Jeffress, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)

Language

English

LoC Class

QK: Science: Botany

Subject

Botany -- Textbooks

Category

Text

Project Gutenberg

eBook-No. 78430

Release Date

April 13, 2026

Copyright

Public domain in the USA.

Contents

1. 1.Untitled
2. 2.A PRACTICAL COURSE IN BOTANY
3. 3.Untitled
4. 4.PREFACE
5. 5.FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS
6. 6.CONTENTS
7. 7.CHAPTER I. THE SEED — I. THE STORAGE OF FOOD IN SEEDS — Practical Questions — II. SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SEEDS — Practical Questions — III. TYPES OF SEEDS — Practical Questions — IV. SEED DISPERSAL — Practical Questions — Field Work
8. 8.CHAPTER II. GERMINATION AND GROWTH — I. PROCESSES ACCOMPANYING GERMINATION — Practical Questions — II. CONDITIONS OF GERMINATION — Practical Questions — III. DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEEDLING — Practical Questions — IV. GROWTH — Practical Questions — Field Work
9. 9.CHAPTER III. THE ROOT — I. OSMOSIS AND THE ACTION OF THE CELL — Practical Questions — II. MINERAL NUTRIMENTS ABSORBED BY PLANTS — Practical Questions — III. STRUCTURE OF THE ROOT — IV. THE WORK OF ROOTS — Practical Questions — V. DIFFERENT FORMS OF ROOTS — Practical Questions — Field Work
10. 10.CHAPTER IV. THE STEM — I. FORMS AND GROWTH OF STEMS — Practical Questions — II. MODIFICATIONS OF THE STEM — Practical Questions — III. STEM STRUCTURE — A. Monocotyls — B. Herbaceous Dicotyls — C. Woody Stemmed Dicotyl — Practical Questions — IV. THE WORK OF STEMS — Practical Questions — V. WOOD STRUCTURE IN ITS RELATION TO INDUSTRIAL USES — Practical Questions — VI. FORESTRY — Practical Questions — Field Work
11. 11.CHAPTER V. BUDS AND BRANCHES — I. MODES OF BRANCHING — Practical Questions — II. BUDS — Practical Questions — III. THE BRANCHING OF FLOWER STEMS — Practical Questions — Field Work
12. 12.CHAPTER VI. THE LEAF — I. THE TYPICAL LEAF AND ITS PARTS — Practical Questions — II. THE VEINING AND LOBING OF LEAVES — Practical Questions — III. TRANSPIRATION — Practical Questions — IV. ANATOMY OF THE LEAF — Practical Questions — V. FOOD MAKING — Practical Questions — VI. THE LEAF AN ORGAN OF RESPIRATION — Practical Questions — VII. THE ADJUSTMENT OF LEAVES TO EXTERNAL RELATIONS — Practical Questions — VIII. MODIFIED LEAVES — Practical Questions — Field Work
13. 13.CHAPTER VII. THE FLOWER — I. DISSECTION OF TYPES WITH SUPERIOR OVARY — II. DISSECTION OF TYPES WITH INFERIOR OVARY — III. STUDY OF A COMPOSITE FLOWER — IV. SPECIALIZED FLOWERS — V. FUNCTION AND WORK OF THE FLOWER — Practical Questions — VI. HYBRIDIZATION — Practical Questions — VII. PLANT BREEDING — Practical Questions — VIII. ECOLOGY OF THE FLOWER — A. The Prevention of Self-pollination — Practical Questions — B. Wind Pollination — Practical Questions — C. Insect Pollination — D. Protective Adaptation — Practical Questions — Field Work
14. 14.CHAPTER VIII. FRUITS — I. HORTICULTURAL AND BOTANICAL FRUITS — Practical Questions — II. FLESHY FRUITS — Practical Questions — III. DRY FRUITS — Practical Questions — IV. ACCESSORY, AGGREGATE, AND MULTIPLE FRUITS — Practical Questions — Field Work
15. 15.CHAPTER IX. THE RESPONSE OF THE PLANT TO ITS SURROUNDINGS — I. ECOLOGICAL FACTORS — Practical Questions — II. PLANT ASSOCIATIONS — Practical Questions — III. ZONES OF VEGETATION — Practical Questions — Field Work
16. 16.CHAPTER X. CRYPTOGAMS — I. THEIR PLACE IN NATURE — II. THE ALGÆ — Practical Questions — III. FUNGI — A. Bacteria — Practical Questions — B. Yeasts — Practical Questions — C. Rusts — Practical Questions — D. Mushrooms — Practical Questions — IV. LICHENS — Practical Questions — V. LIVERWORTS — VI. MOSSES — VII. FERN PLANTS — Practical Questions — VIII. THE RELATION BETWEEN CRYPTOGAMS AND SEED PLANTS — IX. THE COURSE OF PLANT EVOLUTION — Field Work
17. 17.APPENDIX — SYSTEMATIC BOTANY — WEIGHTS, MEASURES, AND TEMPERATURES
18. 18.INDEX
19. 19.FOOTNOTES: — TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE

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